public****
f
CALENDAR
OF
STATE PAPERS,
IRELAND,
HENRY VIII., EDWARD VI., MARY, AND ELIZABETH. 1509—1573.
Printed by Eyre and Spottiswoode, Her Majesty's Printers.
.
T-F^/R, &r->&(^r<Z
I
CALENDAR
OF THE
STATE PAPERS
RELATING TO
I . IRELAND, H
OP THE REIGNS OF
HENRY VIII., EDWARD VI., MARY, AND ELIZABETH.
1509 — 1573,
PRESERVED IN THE
STATE PAPER DEPARTMENT
HER MAJESTY'S PUBLIC RECORD OFFICE.
EDITED BY HANS CLAUDE HAMILTON, ESQ., F.S.A,,
ASSISTANT KEEPER OF H.M. PUBLIC RECORDS,
UNDER THE DIRECTION OF THE MASTER OP THE ROLLS, AND WITH THE SANCTION OF HER MAJESTY'S SECRETARY OF STATE FOR THE HOME DEPARTMENT.
LONDON:
LONGMAN, GREEN, LONGMAN, & ROBERTS. 1860.
CONTENTS OF THIS VOLUME.
PREFACE ...
CALENDAR — HENRY VIII., 1509-1546 -
„ EDWARD VI, 1547-1553 -
„ MARY, 1553-1558
„ ELIZABETH, 1558-1573
GENERAL INDEX ...
a 3
PREFACE.
THE history of the inhabitants of the whole of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland is, and always has been from the earliest times, so intimately connected, that it is impossible to study the progress of any one portion without that of the rest ; but still the details of the great events and leading historical catastrophes of several of the grander sections of the Empire are so diffuse and extensive that they are well classed and studied in separate divisions of the same whole.
In accordance with this principle, the correspondence in this Department relative to the Viceregal Government of Ireland, has ever been preserved in a separate series. It consists of original despatches from the Lord Lieutenant, the Council, the Vice-Treasurer and Treasurer at Wars, the Archbishops and Bishops, the chief nobility and the military commanders in Ireland, to the Sovereign, the Privy Council, the Secretary of State, the Lord Treasurer, and other leading noblemen of the government in England. These despatches are frequently accompanied by copies of letters sent from the English captains and governors of forts and districts, noblemen, native Irish chieftains, and mayors and corporations of towns to the Lord Lieutenant, or his deputy, or other official personage in Ireland. In addi- tion to these there are the drafts and minutes of the answers sent to these despatches, estimates of money wanted, memo- randa made by the Secretary of State in England ; books of establishments for Ireland, containing the names and fees of all the captains, judges, and civil officers ; the memoranda and notes of instructions of persons sent from the govern-
.• a 4
11 PREFACE.
ment in Ireland to solicit for money, soldiers, and armour ; and the petitions of individuals who had suffered for their loyalty to the Crown, or who had been deposed from their offices on the reduction of expenditure after the suppression of rebellions, or who had been deprived of their offices by new governors, to make room for their own confidential employes ; together with books on the state of Ireland, presented by old servitors either in attendance on the court, or prosecuting private suits ; and projects for the ameliora- tion of the country by planting English colonies, or esta- blishing fisheries ; all which, having been delivered into the hands of different members of the Government for the time being, were carefully preserved, and finally deposited in the office for keeping Papers and Records concerning matters of State and Council.
To these there have recently been added some valuable Irish documents,* selected from the papers of State, which were once in the possession of Sir Nicholas Throkmorton, and which were committed by his son Arthur to the disposal of Sir Henry Wotton, who left them by will to King Charles I., " to be preserved in his paper office," but which did not come into the possession of the Crown till August 1857> when a portion of them was restored to their proper place of custody, by the late Right Honourable John Wilson Croker, only two days before his death. To this valuable bequest was added a large mass of State Papers of the like nature and subsequent date, which had belonged to Sir Edward Conway, afterwards Baron Conway and Viscount Killultagh, Secretary of State to James I. and Charles I.
* One of these papers is calendared at page 36, No. 15, another at page 184, No. 6. It is curious that at p. 184, No. 5, is Shane O'Neill's original submission signed and sealed, and that No. 6, this Conway, or rather Throkmorton paper, is a, contemporary copy of it, enriched with the names of the foreign ambassadors and courtiers who were present on the interesting occasion.
PREFACE. iii
These documents, having been arranged and dated, have now been amalgamated in one chronological series, a work which has not been effected without continuous labour, but which amply repays the toil by the abundance and riches of the history which it has concentrated.
Here are collected letters from all the great men of the reigns of the Tudors and Stuarts, forming an unbroken and contemporary narrative of every incident of those stirring and anxious epochs.
Mr. Lemon and Mr. Bruce have fully stated in the prefaces to the Calendars of Domestic Papers, respectively edited by them, the plan and object of these publications, but a few words may here be more especially addressed to the student of Irish History.
The power of the English in Ireland had so much
decreased in Henry VII.'s time, that the old Irish system
of government in clans, or separate small nations, had
revived, and was in full force throughout the greater part
of the land. Of this government and its workings we
have the best and most ample accounts in these papers.
The wars of Henry VIII., Mary, and Elizabeth reveal the
whole strength and weakness of the system, and show how
the superior combination of the English, supported by
continual supplies of men and money from home, prevailed
over the craft and daring of the native chiefs and favourite
generalissimos. This is a subject, too, which will be found
of considerable value in the study of Universal History, for
the position of Ireland was so remote from the earlier seats
of civilization that the rude way of living, described by
Hesiod and the old poets, still lingered there till the
period embraced by this Calendar. Indeed, most of the wild
Irish led a nomade life, tending cattle, sowing little corn,
and rarely building houses, but sheltered alike from heat
and cold, and moist and dry, by the Irish cloak.
IV PREFACE.
As an illustration of these primitive manners, it may be observed that Thomas Smith was the only apothecary* in Ireland in Queen Elizabeth's time ; nor was the unit of progress followed up by any rapid improvement.
In 1564 Shane O'Neill set forth all kinds of husbandry and sowing of wheat, f yet. as late as 1791J there was but one flour mill in all Ulster.§ "We are also forcibly reminded of the customs of the Gauls and Britons, when we read that the rebel has reaped the corn, and hid it in woods and caves,|| an operation which, however rude, was exten- sively practised, and the disadvantages to those who did not adopt it were frequently very great, for the corn in the English yards was burned by the O'Reillys.^" The Tudors, however, supported the more civilized English settlers by the strong arm of their power. The fame of the warriors they employed has reached down, through many succeeding turmoils, to the present day, and the names of the Earl of Sussex, Sir Walter Ralegh, Sir George Carew, Sir Humfrey Gylberte, Sir Henry Wallop, Sir Henry Sydney, Colonel Edward Randolfe, and Sir Geo. Stanley are but a few of the host of prowess which they despatched to make the rebel feel their power ; and abundant indeed is the evidence that they did make it felt. The nature of the destruction wrought by them may be gathered from such expressions as these : — " A man may ryde southe, west, and northe XX or XL " myles, and see neither house, corne, ne cattell." " Many " hundreth of men, wymen, and chilldren are dedde of " famyne."** While in the reduction of the O'Conors and O'Mores, in 1564, only 90 of the O'Conors and 35 of the O'Mores were slain and executed, f^
* Although there was but one apothecary there was no lack of native leeches. f Page 237, No. 69.
\ Beaufort's Memoir, p. 143. § Querns were in use*
|| P. 314, No. 13. f Ib.
** P. 145, No. 45. ft P. 247, No. 97.
PREFACE. V
Severe, too, were the sufferings which the natives inflicted on each other. Thus, the Calough O'Donnell being witness, 500 competent persons, besides above 4,000 poor, have perished through Shane O'Neill's spoils.* This Calough O'Donnell was a witness who himself was not over nice in such matters ; there had been sharp war between him and his father, and his father, too, had banished his father, after long fighting, and wasting " all the hole countrey of Tyr- " connell."f Thus again, Sydney desires to know whether the Queen will choose to bring the people of Ulster to the just rule of English law, which is easy, or to banish them quite, and unpeople, the soil, which would be chargeable ; J and Eleanor, Countess of Desmond, writes, on the llth of January 156S,§ that the country is in such disorder that few can trust a father, a son, or a brother. The consequence of such insecurity was the building of towers and multiplication of castles ; thus the Earl of Ormond writes to the Lord Deputy Sydney on the 4th of June 1570,|| that he had notes of 123 castles in Thomond alone. And doubtless there were many to whom the just rule of English law would prove irksome. According to Dean Danyell, the Prior Magennis was the worst of these, not only for wilful murders, but for many other ungracious doings. ^f
Among the number of the many ills concomitant with the primeval state we find enumerated here the baneful ingredient pride.
" The pride of the wilde Irerishe, by the late modestie " and lenitie used with Shane Oneyle," increased in 1564 ;** and in 1566ff Shane's pride, joined with his tyranny, is intolerable. This was Irish pride, and there are divers
* Page 247, No. 96. f P. 126, No. 43.
J P. 296, No. 14. § P. 360, No. 16. n.
1 P. 431, No. 56. in. f P. 386, No. 70. n.
** P. 234, 235, No. 50. ff April 29, p. 299, No. 40.
vi PBEFACE.
specimens of it ; but we also have instances of other pride in the jostlings at the Council Board between the Arch- bishops of Dublin and Armagh, which lasted through the whole reign, the origin of which is explained at page 118, No. 63, where it appears that G, Dowdall was deprived of the primacy.
More agreeable, however, will it be to contemplate the valour displayed by Captain William Loggan,* in his defence of the King's ship the " Murderer," " which was a Scotes ship in tyme past," and was unfortunately on this occasion " takene be Fransmene here uppon the Kingis cooste, and " be the havene muth of His Majestie's toune of Kynsale ;" but " the said Wyllame manly fowght ayenst the said " Franshmene where was no mor with hym that stand, as " we are informed, sav X men ;" and " after his purser and " part of his men was kylle " the " said Wyllame fowght " stylle manly and worshipfully, and soo kylle certayn of " the said Franshmen ; and soo at the last ayenst they said " Franshmen is wrylles the said Wyllame Logane hath, " and soo many as stod with hym, lep out in on of the " shipis bott, and soo sav his lyff."
This correspondence also reveals the deep interest which Queen Elizabeth ever took in the government of Ireland.
In 1564f Lord Robert Duddeley (Leicester) and Cecill wrote to the Lord Justice Arnold, that the Queen has hastened to return from her progress for the consideration of the Irish affairs.
Again, in 1566,J Cecill writes to Sydney that Her Majesty is very greatly heated and provoked to the extir- pation of Shane O'Neill. Further, in 1568,§ Cecill writes, " I fyndyng the Queen's Majesty ernestly bent to have
* P. 72, No. 15. i. f P. 246, No.
J P. 293, No. 67. § October 24.
PREFACE. vii
** Mr. Stuckly removed from his office, and that she allowed " not to appoynt N. Whyte in commission in Minister, did " move hir that he might have Stucklyes office, which hir " Majesty redely assented unto." But in this letter Cecill is very earnest with Sydney on the subject of keeping up the correspondence, and writes " My good Lord, I can not but " lett you know with what greef of mynd I have long ex« " pected to receave some letter from yourself. . . . yet " such as love you, must nedes be carefull to here what you " doo, and I doo not herein blame you. . . . sence yow " wer in place ther of Government I can not remembre that " I was so long without knolledg from yow, and now nether " to heare of yow, nor to receave from yow in a tyme that " my care and love, of yow is by profession augmented, truly " maketh me both angry and sorry with the mischance." And again, Nov. 5,* Cecill writes to Sydney " I did lately " wryte to your Lordship by Mr. Gilbert, and as than I " was perplexed for lack of understandyng from yow, so not " hearyng any thyng sence that tyme my greeff increaseth, " and I have some troolle to answer hir Majesty with " satisfaction for the lyke lack."
If Her Majesty were careful of Ireland, Ireland was enough to make her careful. The sums of money paid for Ireland by the Royal Lady show the value at which she prized her Emerald Isle. Auditor Jenyson writes on the 6th of November f that the Treasurer Fytzwylliams's account amounts to nearly 400,000/. Irish. After this Cecill's troubles fell thicker upon him than ever, and on the 2nd of February J following, he writes to Sydney, — " I " trust to help yow to the 1,200/. although I have had some " sharp words [from the Queen] to myself uppon occasion " of speche. Your Lordship maketh many motions for
* No. 14. f 1568- I 1568/9.
Vlll PREFACE.
" mony. Sackford had 2,000/., and here is Pawle shall " have 1,0001. whan the victells shall be thought mete to be " sent into the south. Yow also wryte for three marchants, " and Paule requireth mony lykwise for hys own dett ; in the " end yow desyre that Cockeram may be the conductor of " treasure. In all these thyngs I only am forced to breake " the Ise, and if I might be answered comfortably as reason " requireth, the payne wer tollerable, but truly my Lord as " it is used I can not furder endure it j every other Coun- " seller is burdened but with assentyng and commandyng, " and I am lyke a slave putt to the drugery to carry out all " disgracees." But there were occasions on which Her Majesty was compelled to listen to the discussion of un- pleasant subjects ; the following is a graphic sketch of a passage in Cecill's official life : — " I* cam to the Court to " St. Albon's on Satyrdaye, being so provoqued (called) by " the Queen's Majesty, for that hir affayres did dayly grow " great, and in dede I fynd a great harvest of busyness, and " scant of workmen that will take payne, though good will " appereth sufficient in all sorts. The overthrow of the " Count of Lodovyk with the triumph of the Duke D'Alva " being afor my coming brought to the Court, hath caused " the Queen's Majesty to gyve some hearing to such as " thynk hir securite can not have contynuance, if the " planetts kepe this courss, I trust hir Majesty shall have " good Counsell : marry ! an ounce of advise is more worth " to be executed aforehand than in the sight of perrills ; " but as long as I have served the Queen's Majesty, " Epimetheus hath had more to doo than Prometheus." The subject of the Queen's marriage also is often alluded to. In 1571, December 3,f the Earl of Ormond addressed to Burghley a very significant prophesy which shows his
* P. 385, No. 63. f p- 460» No- 32-
PREFACE. ix
ability in the appreciation of character and the calculation of events, " I wish all good sucsess to her Majestie's " maryage, but I beleve the wether wolbe extreme cold " afore she be content to acsept a bedfello." However, to return to the affairs of Ireland; there is in 1573* a paper containing fifteen items of doubts moved by the Queen's Majesty whereof Her Majesty many times requireth to be resolved by Her Council, and notwithstanding sundry answers made thereto, yet Her Majesty is still desirous to be advertised thereof by the Earl of Essex. One item includes, What will be the charge to keep Claneboy, if Tyrone and Tyrconnell remain out of obedience ? With like personal anxiety the Queen does notf allow of Sir Warhame Sentleger as President of Munster, as he is not likely to be so indifferent in the cases of the two Earls of Desmond and Ormond as were meet ; and in this purpose she steadfastly remains, for on the llthj June she again writes to Sydney " We did in dede mislike to see yow so " addicted to the favor of the Earl of Desmond as to place " Seintleger the President of that [Munster] Council, whose " inward professed friendship towards the Earl of Desmond " was notorious." Her Majesty liked an undisguised relation of difficult subjects and complained if the style of the despatches addressed to her were mystical and dark.§
It is instructive likewise to trace the Queen's care to have religion preached in the Irish language ; thus we find her recommending Robert Daly to be preferred to the Bishoprick of Kildare, " the rather because he is well able " to preche in the Irish tongue, and is well commended for " his good name."||
* P. 535, No. 36. f P. 324, No. 8.
J P. 335, No. 10. § P. 495, No. 28.
|| P. 234, No. 49.
x PREFACE.
It was usual at that period to favour Irish preaching. In 1551, November 11, we have the Lord Deputy Croft recommending to King Edward VI. the schoolmaster who conveyed away the young Gerald Fitzgerald to be made Archbishop of Cashel, because he was the " best able to " preach in the English and Irish tongue." In 1573,* Mr. Browne was recommended for the Bishoprick of Down, as being discreet and learned in the Irish language.
In 1567, the Queen became rather anxious about the Irish Testament ; and we have a remembrance, " I tern, f " wheare Her Majestic hathe paid 66/. 13s. 4d. to the " Bushoppes there for the making of carecters for the testa- " ment in irishe, that oneles they do presently J put the " same in print, Her Majestic may be repaid."
Of the language then current in different parts of the island we have a good show of examples. In 1567, March 20, there is a philological curiosity ; it is a letter from Shane O'Neill to Cormac O'Connor, being in Scotland. It has an English translation, and also an independent Scottish translation, so that, like the Rosetta stone, this letter gives the same document in the three chief languages of the Empire.
But, to digress from Queen Elizabeth and her Kingdom of Ireland to her relations and friends, we have a gentle hint of the necessity of Sir Francis Knollys, who had married the first cousin of Queen Elizabeth. Here are his own words, showing how "12 chargeable chyldren dyd lie uppon his " hande," and that " necessetie made him playe the un- " shamefaste cowrtear."§ Cecill, too, deserves another word. In the midst of all his diplomacy he kept his eye on the
* P. 495, No. 30. f p- 356, No. 70.
If. Twenty years later it was still imprinted, see Council Register, AD. 1586-1587. August 20, 21, p. 428.
§ P. 299, No. 37.
PREFACE. xi
individual subject with a jealous care, and numerous are the evidences of his love to trace out the ramifications of family relationship whenever he could find an opportunity. In Vol. X., No. 28, we have a letter from Terence Danyell to Cecill, in which he promises that he " woll draw owt of Irish " cronecles, the kynrede and alliaunce of the moost part of " the irishemen of Irlande, and theyr pettiegrees, to be sent " unto yow." In these Irish papers, also, we often read about Cecill's want of health. In June* 1566, Sydney is heartily glad to hear of Cecill's recovery ; in Oct. 1 566f Cecill writes that he is tossed in a sea of envy, malice, disdain, and suspicion. Again, in 1568,J Fytzwylliams writes, " Your " estate as yt was here reported was veary harde and dan- " gerous, in which yf yt had pleased God to have cawled " you hence, your self showlde therby have wone eternale " ease with perfytt reste, but what quietnes and reste your " naturall countrye showlde by that your blyssed gayne " have wone, every honeste godly wyse man seethe." On the 5th of November 1568, § the Lord of Leicester was in Cecill's house at dice and merry, where he hath lodged these two nights.
We read, too, in 1564, April 16,|| of the intercession to Henry VIII. for old Latymer when in the Tower, — " Consider, Sire, what a singuler man he is, and cast not " that awaie in one owre which nature and arte hath bene " so manye yeres in breeding and perfectinge."
It would be difficult to add to the praises of the Sydneys ; but here are a few notices relative to them. In 15671F the Earl of Desmond submits his cause to the Queen's princely judgment, or to the unspotted conscience of her
* P. 306, No. 25. f P. 316, No. 27.
J P. 386, No. 71. § Pp. 392, 393, No. 14.
|| P. 234, No. 50. ^ P. 346, No. 2.
b
xii PREFACE.
Deputy.* This conscientious man was sometimes so far excited as to call the nobles he governed hard names ; for writing to Cecill, in 1568,f he terms the Earl of Clancarr and James Fitzmaurice mischievous monsters, but their deeds, as here described, almost justify the use of any adjective or substantive to designate the perpetrators. At page 298,J we have Sydney's beau ideal of a Bishop. In 1572,§ the Lady Mary Sydney prays Burghley to stay the new title of Baron to be further offered to her husband, as they cannot support it.
But if the incidents in the lives of Queen Elizabeth's courtiers are new and full of interest, the passages in those of her Irish nobility are doubly so ; and foremost among these ranks Shane O'Neill ; his policy was enmity to the Scots, this gained for him in many of his misdeeds the connivance of the statesmen who governed Ireland ; but it was frequently of great detriment to him, and ultimately brought him to his end.
The first mention of Shane O'Neill which occurs is in 1551,|| where he is connected with his foster-brother Dean Danyell, who attempted to impose upon the credulity of Marshal Bagenall by declaring that the nearest part of Shane's country was above twenty miles off from the place they were at, — when in very deed it was but ten miles off. In the same letter, which was written by the Marshal, there is related an incident in which the ambitious rebel^j" comes off second best. " The Baron of Donganan " knowing the same (Shane's country) right well, desyrid " that he mought have licence with certen horsemen and
* Sir Henry Sydney who married Mary, daughter of John Duddeley, Duke of Northumberland, and by her was father of Sir Philip Sydnei, and of Robert, created in 1618 Earl of Leicester.
f November 12. J No. 31.
§ P. 471, 14. || p. 117, No. 56 (1551, Oct. 27).
*|[ Shane was called " an diomais," or John of the pride or ambition.
PREFACE. xiii
" kerne to breke owt to se what he coulde do ; and as they " were in the forray, he with iiii horsemen in his companie " being farr befFore there fellowes, found Shane upon an hill " in his country invironyd with woddes and accompanied " with xviii horsemen and threscore kerne ; and perceaving " the Barron with so small companie to be there, sayd, 'And* " ' the King were there where thowe arte he were myne.' " The Barron making no stay thereat but comming fore- " warde: ' I am here but the Kinges man and that thowe " ' shalt well knowe.' Thus broching his horse with the " spores, thrust into the pres, Shane fledde with his companie " to the woddes ; the Barron followyd, and having no oportu- " nite to strike him, nether with spere nor sworde the woddes " were so thick, as he gripid to have takne him by the neck, a " bowef in the pace put the Barron from him and allmoste " from his own horse. So Shane escapid a fote. The Barron " returnid with Shane's horse and spere, and with iij other " horses of Shane's companie, and or I, with the fotemen, " coulde come to him, he with his companie hadde getherid " CCC hedde of cattell, appointing allso a place for our " campe." In November J of the same year King Edward VI. wrote to the Lord Deputy Croft to take order to send the Earl of Tyrone safely over hither [into England], and with him also his son Shane O'Neill, " If ye can obteyne hym " anywise, for that we perceve by your brother that the said " Shane O'Nell is a man likest to followe his fathers condi- " tions and to be a like enemy to the state and the weale of " our countrye there." Again, in November§ we find that as Shane is likely to amend, and convert himself to.his duty, he may still abide in Ireland. We learn at Dec. 22 |f that Brian M'Quin Roe's son, brother to Shane, was to remain
* For an, if. f bough. J P. 119, No. 73.
§ P. 120, No. 74. || P. 129, No. 69.
b 2
xiv PREFACE.
as a sufficient hostage for Shane O'Neill ; and at page 131, No. 85, we find a note that King Edward VI. was to send a letter " to Shane Onell, an other sonne of the same Erie " with answer to his one (own) letter, sent to the King's " Majestic."
In 1558, when " Her Majesties sister the late Queue " Marye was in extreme sicknes and daunger of deathe, he " did cruelly, wilfully, and trayterously murther his brother " the Baron of Dungannon, seke to repossesse himself of his " fathers and brothers estates and possessions, and fellonous- " lye"* prey and burn divers good subjects in the English Pale. Shane O'Neill was also accused of the murder of his nephew Brian the young Baron of Dungannon, on the 12th of April 1562.f
In 1559, February,! we are told that Shane O'Neill is joined in " gossopryke " with the Lord Justice Sydney, which band of friendship he will not break. In 1560§ the Queen acknowledges the receipt of Sussex's letter concern- ing the continuance of Shane O'Neill's evil disposition, and authorizes the subjugation of him and the restitution of
* Extract from the proclamation p. 173, No. 1.
f Of the agents in these murders we have the following notices : —
On the 16th of July 1561, the Lord Lieutenant Sussex and Council write to the Queen : — " The same night we received letters from Armagh " confirming a report that came to us before, that Shane O'Neill had " attempted the burning of the church, and was repulsed with the loss " of divers men. The effect of which letters was, that the garrisons " within the charge perceiving Shane's men to pass not far off much " sparkled and over travelled, issued out, and in skirmish killed two of " his best horsemen, the one called Henry O'Neill, who killed the late « Baron of Dungannon."— P. 175, No. 22, p. 3 of MS.
And again in 1567 Thomas Lancaster writes to Cecill that Doltagh Q'Donnelly" he that slew the Baron of Dungannon " was drowned (May 1567) while flying from O'Donnell ; this is mentioned in the letter calendared at page 334, No. 97.
} P. 152, No. 13. § P. 161, No. 30.
PREFACE. XV
Barnaby the young Baron of Dungannon, " being ye heyre in right." On the 8th February 1561,* we find Shane writing to Queen Elizabeth an account of his early services, and entering very fully into the whole course of his life ; this letter contains five sheets.
At the 4th of March f we have the first draft of a Latin protection or safe conduct for Shane O'Neill, an Irish subject, whose countries and servants are not in perfect civility.
June 9}$ Shane writes to the Lord Justice Fytzwylliams that he had tortured his messenger and cut off his ear because he had not declared his (Shane's) mind. He also wishes to know if any news has come from England about the money he desires to borrow for his journey.
On the 28th June§ Shane writes to the Lord Lieutenant Sussex that his messenger has returned from the Queen with a gracious answer. Nothing hinders his repair to her presence but the lack of money.
On the 17th of July | Sussex writes that Shane O'Neill lays his stay to these three causes ; the fortifying of the church of Armagh ; the murder of such as have come in to Sussex on protection ; and the fact that Sussex assumed the name of Earl of Ulster.
On 31st July,^f Sussex and the Council write to the Queen that Sir William Fytzwylliams and others had slain 200 of Shane's footmen and divers of his horsemen, among whom at the least a dozen of the Donnellaghs and_the Hagans, which be the two septs that Shane holds dearest ; but at the very commencement of this skirmish 30 of the English were slain, including Robert Sexton, petty captain,
* P. 165, No. 14. f p- 16?» No. 32.
J P. 173, No. 2. § P. 175, No. 22, ir.
II P. 176, No. 23. H P. 177, No. 24.
xvi PREFACE.
and Thomas Flodde, Serjeant. On the same day* Sussex writes to Cecill that 50 of the best English footmen were slain and 50 wounded, and bewails that by the " cowardies " of on wretche, whom I held as dere to me as my awne " brother, [Shane] was lyke in on ower to have lefte not on " man of the army alyve."
On the 20th of Augustf the Queen writes to Sussex not to proceed to extremity against Shane, if he can be brought upon flty reasonable conditions to repair to England. Money to be lent him, &c.
On the 24thJ of August the Lord Lieutenant Sussex writes to the Queen of his dealings with Shane's seneschal and Neal Gray. His proposition to Neal Gray to " kylle " Shane O'Neill, for which he shall have 100 marks of land by the year to him and to his heirs for his reward.
On the 27th of the same August§ the Queen gives authority to the Earl of Kildare to go to Ireland and induce Shane O'Neill to repair to England in his company.
On the lst|| of September the Lord Lieutenant Sussex and Council write to the Queen of Shane's obstinacy and of their intention to set forward against him with the hosting on the next day.
On the 9th,^f they write to the Queen of their proceed- ings in Tyrone. 4,000 kine and many gamins taken. They have burned and destroyed all about the upper part of Glanconkine.
On the 3rd of October** Sussex writes to Cecill that he had taken 1,000 kine from M'Mahon for sending his brother to Shane.
P. 177, No. 25. f P. 178, No. 39.
P. 179, No. 42, 208, No. 36. § P. 179, No. 45.
P. 179, No. 48. 1 P. 180, No. 52. ** P. 180, No. 56.
PREFACE. xvii
On the IQth of October11 the Lord Lieutenant Sussex, the Earl of Kildare, and the Privy Council write to the Queen that peace had been concluded upon the parley between the Earl of Kildare and Shane O'Neill.
The articles of the peacef consisted of seven petitions and three promises, viz.: —
1. To have the Earls of Kildare and Ormond, with other nobles, to meet him at Carrick Bradock on a day to be fixed.
2. To have the Earl of Ormond to accompany him till he embark.
3. To have the Earl of Kildare, and others whom he shall require, to go with him to the Queen's presence.
4. To have a protection from the Lord Lieutenant Sussex, under the surety of the Earls of Kildare, Ormond, Desmond, Clanricard, and Thomond, that he and all his shall go and come safely, and that no hurt shall be done to any of his urraghs till his return from England into his own country.
5. To have such a sum of money for the charges of his journey as the Earls of Kildare and Ormond shall think fit ; the said money to be paid into the hands of the Earl of Kildare.
6. To have the Earl of Kildare's surety that the soldiers of Armagh shall not hurt him the value of one groat ; and that they shall be withdrawn from thence so soon as he shall meet the two Earls at Carrick Bradock.
7. That no Irishman, who owes him allegiance as superior lord, shall be maintained against him ; but if they drive any prey they may take from him into the English Pale, that the parties may be delivered up to him, or satisfaction to be made, and he to do the like.
His first promise is to repair to the Queen's presence, now that he is pleased with his pardon.
* P. 180, No. 59. f P. 181, No. 59, i., ir., & No. 61;
xviii PREFACE.
The second is to deliver the pledges he before named for the repayment of the money ;
And the third, to forbear revenge upon Maguire and M'Randal Boy; and to do in all things with them according to the peace concluded at Dundalk.
On the 23rd of October* Sussex and the Council write to the Queen that the coming of the Earl of Kildare with commission to treat with Shane was the destruction of the whole campaign.
On the 21st of November)1 the Lord Lieutenant Sussex writes to the Queen, in defence of his conduct in con- senting to the peace, " That your Hyghnes myght thereby " yustely revyve the good opynyon ye have hertofore con- " ceyved of me and of my dylygent care in your servyce, " nowe of late, as it semethe to me, almoste dedd, or at the " leaste very colde." " I do confesse that I wyshe this " peace had never bene treated apon, yf therle had never " comme over with eny suche commyssyon, but therles " commyng over with commyssyon to treate enforced a " treaty, or a worse matter." " Shanes resolutyons were " so certen as he would have all his demaunds granted, or he " wowld not go [into England], and therwith deperted " presently 40te myles from thens. Therle [of Kildare] " avowed this, and thowght his offers suflfycyent for the " suerty of his goyng." " The suspendyng of eny conclu- " syon had bene moste perylowse of all others, for that in " that tyme Shane showld have had opportunyte to seke " revenge (as in suche tymes he ever before did) apon " suche as served your hyghnes, and therby encresed his " strengthe." " Therles' protectyon, whyche your Majeste " wysheth to be stayed, is most ernestly of hym affected, " as withowte the whych he wyll not go." " And on
* P. 181, No. 61. f P. 182, No. 69.
PREFACE. xix
" other indyrecte advaimtage lyethe also hydden to be taken " apon the strictnes of the wordes wrytten in the agrement " (whyche with suche a tray tor as he is that sekethe " nothyng but deceyte myght very well be allowed) in that " therle of Kyldare was put as suertye for the fetchyng " awaye of the soldyars in Armawghe, and no worde " forbyddynge others to be at eny tyme browght thether ; " apon good consyderation wherof, he wras pressed to put a " matter in wrytyng that he had promysed and was not " wrytten in the agrement, whyche he refused to do, and " therapon awenswer was made to hym, that seyng he " wowld putte no more in wrytyng then was in wrytyng " alredy, he showld looke for the performance of all thynges " wrytten, and of nothynge else."
November 29* Sussex writes to Cecill that Shane is ready to embark for England.
On the 6thf of January 1562 Shane made his submission upon his knees before the Queen in the presence of the King of Sweden's ambassador, M. de Morette, the Duke of Savoy's ambassador, the Lord Robert Duddeley, Sir Francis Knollys, Sir Win. Cecill, and others.
About the 13th of March J Shane complains to the Queen that he has received at the Council's hands "twoo choyses;" the one, such articles as the Council sent him three days ago ; the other, to tarry the coming of Brian, the son of Matthew, called the Baron of Dungannon. He craves Her Majesty's advice as to his choice ; desires to borrow more money ; prays Her Majesty to choose him a gentle- woman for his wife, such as both she and he may agree, and in the meantime to appoint him (Shane) to attend on my Lord Robert Duddeley, that he may learn to ride after the English fashion, to run at the tilt, to hawk, and to
* P. 183, No. 76. f P. 184, Nos, 5, 6. J P. 188, No. 42.
XX PREFACE.
shoot or use such other good exercises as he may perceive the said Lord to be apt unto.
On the [21st of March*] Shane complains to the Privy Council that his people and country are troubled by the sons of Matthew, the late Baron of Dungannon.
On the 25th of Marchf we have Shane's answer to the articles sent to him by the Lords of the Privy Council,
On the 30th of Aprilf we have the indenture between Shane and the Queen.
On the 5th of May,§ the proclamation in favour of Shane.
We read, on the 28th of May|| that Shane O'Neill arrived in Dublin on the 26th of May and delivered the Queen's letter of the 5th, but that he would not rest one whole day in Dublin, but had the proclamation pro- claimed, and departed with a guard into Tyrone, as it was reported that Turlough Lynagh had been made O'Neill.
On the 19th of June^f Shane O'Neill was half weary of his ease.
On the 27th of August** we have the instructions which Shane O'Neill gave to Robert Flemyng and two others whom he sent to the Lord Lieutenant Sussex, with the answer of Sussex and the Council, and the protection to Shane for his repair to Dundalk on the 14th of September.
On the 20th of Septemberf f the Lord Lieutenant Sussex and Council write to the Queen that they had on the 14th assembled at Dundalk, to see execution of the indentures made in England between Her Highness and Shane O'Neill* The refractory behaviour of Shane. Amongst other matters
* P. 189, No. 61. f P- 190, No. 63.
J P. 193, No. 99. § P. 194, No. 6.
|| P. 195, No. 14. f P. 197, No. 26.
** P. 202, No. 75, i. n. in. -ft P. 204, No. 14.
PREFACE, xxi
he sent for resolution was " the sixte, whether I, your " Majestie's Lieutenant, wold promyse to gyve unto him " my sister in manage ? whereunto I aunswered that that " matter was not conteyned in the indenture, but after he " had performed that to him belonged in the indenture, I " wold desire him and the rest of the nobilytie to my howse " at Ardbrakan, as before I had don, where he shuld see " and speke with my sister, and if he liked her, and she " him, they shuld boothe have my good will, but I cold not " promyse to gyve her agains her will." Also Shane's parley with the Earls of Kildare, Clanrycarde, Sir Nicholas Arnold, and others upon Dundalk Bridge.
On the 23rd* of September Sir Nicholas Arnold writes to Cecill as to the report of a letter sent from Mary Queen of Scots to Shane, which arrived at one of his houses, and was sent after him to Dublin, while he was on his way to England, and Shane's daily practice with King Philip's Ambassador while in England.
On the 29thf Sussex writes to the Queen that " woorde " was sent to Shane owte of the Inglishe Pale that my " Sister was brought over only to trappe him, and that if he " came to eny governer he shuld never retorne."
At 26th OctoberJ is a letter of the Lord Lieutenant and Council touching the reformation of Shane O'Neill.
On the 2nd of November§ Shane writes to the Queen that some of his people were robbed, and some killed, during his absence, and that he has had but 40 kine restored out of 3,880 kine, and goods to the value of 2,000 marks taken from him.
On the same day|| he writes to the Lord Robert Duddeley, with a present of horses, hawks, and greyhounds.
* P. 205, No. 17. f p- 205, No. 19.
J P. 208, No. 34. § P. 209, No. 39.
|| P. 209, No. 40.
xxii PREFACE.
And again* to Cecill, with the present of a horse, conveyed by the bearer John Smyth, the Queen's footman.
On the 26th of January 1562/3f the Lord Lieutenant Sussex and Council write to the Privy Council that they had procured O'Reilly, Maguire, and Con O'Donnell to join in the Queen's service, and had brought Turlough Lynagh, the second person in Tyrone, to forsake Shane O'Neill. They intend* to stay Shane from annoying them this next bright moon.
On the 30th of January J Sussex writes that Shane has sent for his whole power. " Ther can be no matter moved " that tocheth him (Shane), but he knoweth it ether before " it be concluded or shortly after."
In September 16, 1563§ the Lord Lieutenant Sussex writes to the Lord Shane, admitted to the name of O'Neill by the Queen's Commissioners, and confirms the peace.
In Septemberj| O'Neill articled with Sir Thomas Cusake that he should never be called to answer for the slaying of his nephew Brian, the son of Matthew, the late Baron of Dungaunon, because, by the law of war of Ireland, it was determined that he had been properly met with before the conflict,^
On the 20th of October** the Queen permits that Shane may have and use the state and name of O'Neill, and expresses her horror and indignation at the detestable attempt by John Smythe for the poisoning of O'Neill with wine.
In a bond, dated November the l6th,f f there is a sketch of the Court and Judges of this regulus of Ulster.
* P. 209, No. 41. t P- 212> No. 3. } P. 212, No. 6.
§ P. 222, No. 10. || P. 222, No. 11.
^f Inprimis, quod Dominus O'Neill non coherceatur perpetuo respon- dere, vel satisfacere, pro occisione filii Baronis quia, jurcbellico Hibcrnije, diffinitum est, eum esse bene inventum.
** P. 224, No. 38. ft P- 226, No. 59.
PREFACE. xxni
After the Urraghs, high captains, and chief nobles of Ulster, who corroborated his bond with their signatures, we have as witnesses the ex-Chancellor Sir Thomas Cusake, one peer, and several Judges and Privy Councillors, and after them a remarkable little group, stowed away in a quiet corner by themselves, comprising, Sir Patrick Dorelle the chauntour of Armagh, Owen O'Hagan O'Neill's secretary, Vllialmus Flemin the Judge of Tyrone, and Jacobus the Official of Armagh. Who was William Fleming the Judex Tyronise, and what was his office ? It is clear that he was a Judge of the Brehon law, and not of the Queen's statutes, for on the llth of the previous September,* Shane O'Neill wrote to the Queen from his camp at Drum Cru " Sed non " audeo omittere statuta et ordinationes meorum prsedeces- " sorum cum adhuc nee ipse nee mei subditi experti sumus " in jure et statutis vestri regni." It is not at all likely that Fleming was a Roman officer or a Norman seneschal, for we have the laws, and they are Irish, It is curious, then, to compare this little Court with a passage descriptive of another clan of the same race at a long anterior period. Strabo,f in describing the Tectosages, a tribe of Gauls who had settled in Galatia, says they were divided into four portions, called Tetrarchies, and had a tetrarch, a judge, one superintendent, and two subordinate superintendents of the army. This Gal ati an Judge is doubtless the same officer as our Judex Tyroniae. The laws and institutes of the British, the Irish, and the Gauls, seem to lie at the surface of history, yet, like the wave of Tantalus, continually recede from us. May we not get a view of the internal arrangements of an Irish court from some formal document, like this bond, which will settle all doubts, and leave us in
* P. 221. No. 8. f Book XII., Chap. v.
xxiv PREFACE.
possession of a full knowledge of the political and social state of Ireland, and of Europe, a century before the Christian era ?
How can we wonder that this wild Irishman should feel hesitation as to his skill in the Queen's laws, when we find it stated in the Articles brought from the Lord Deputy Sussex by Sir Henry Sydney in 1557,* to be declared to Mary the Queen of England, that " the statute that made " fostering with the Irish to be felony is, as they say, lost, " and therefore not put in execution."
The inconveniences arising from this state of things had been long felt, for in February 1538, it was proposed that order should be taken " for the sure keeping of the King's " records, for as they be handled now, it is pity to see them. " They should be delivered by indenture to a keeper." And it seems that the losses of statutes, and the embezzling and falsifying of records must have led to a more watchful custody of them, for, on the 13th April 1566, we read that Henry Draycott,f Chancellor and Remembrancer of the Exchequer, now Master of the Rolls, " hath had the " perusing, sorting, and kalendaringe of Her Majesty's " recordes," which are " well layd upp in a stronge chamber u of one of the towers of Dublin Castle."
On the 10th of January 1564,J it was demanded what answer is to be made to Shane for his requests concerning my Lady Frances to be his wife, and " Melefant " for her during her life, which is of yearly rent three hundred and odd pounds Irish ?
On the 10th of March § Shane finds fault that the Queen's Letters Patent do not agree with the peace sub-
Pp. 137, 138, No. 38. f Pp. 294, 295, No. 8.
P. 229, No. 4. § P. 231, No. 28.
PREFACE. xxv
scribed by him and Cusake, and prays that the first peace may be confirmed, and that he may have an English wife, especially my Lord of Sussex's sister.
On a recent occasion we have experienced the difficulty of finding a law to punish a would be assassin ; the like difficulty was found in the sixteenth century in the case of John Smythe, who had determined to poison the people- elected ruler of Ulster, for thus, on the 22nd of March,* did Sir Thomas Cusake write to Cecill : " Seinge there is no " lawe to punishe him other then in discretion by imprisone- " ment, which O'Neill woll litle regarde, excepte the partie " might be executed by dethe, and that the law doth not " suffer, so as the matter being wiselie pacified it were well " done so to leave hit, therefor myne opinion is that to " enlardg him is the best waye."
In 1564, May 22f O'Neill writes to the Lord Lieu- tenant Sussex, of the favour shown to the sons of the late Baron of Dungannon, and desires that the subject of their claim may be cleared up, and on June 8J O'Neill doth much mistrust of some secret favour to be used towards the late Baron of Dungannon's sons, lest they should at length obtain the governance of the country.§
On the 13th of June|| Sir Thomas Cusake relates to the Lord Justice Arnold, that at the enlargement of O'Donnell, being captive with O'Neill, he gave him as a ransom the castle of Lifford, the country of Yncheone (Innishowen) where O'Dogherty is captain, which country and castle have been ever in contention between their ancestors, and besides jewels and plate, he promised to give a great number of kine
* P. 233, No. 38. f P. 236, No. 65. J P. 237, No. 1.
§ Which they did when, in 1595, Hugh O'Neill went to the stone to receive the name of O'Neill on T. Lynagh's death.
|| P. 238, No. 11.
xxvi PREFACE,
and certain horses and armour ; . . . and after the days expired, O'Neill sent to receive them and could receive none, and O'Neill went to Lifford thinking to parley with O'Donnell to know how he should receive his payment, and O'Donnell appointed three days "after other" to meet O'Neill, to take order for his payment, and came not, but
disappointed every day Wherewith O'Neill
was offended to be so mocked, and being a great host of men, 300 horsemen,. 400 galloglas, 200 long bows, Scots born in Ireland, 120 gunners, and 500 kerne, said that he would not defer longer time. Cusake's advice to Arnold, to give O'Donnell but fair words and despatch him with a letter to O'Neill, requesting him to use Con O'Donnell, who had been made prisoner, well, and to stand to order with the said O'Donnell.
On the 16th of August* Sir T. Wrothe writes to the Lord Robert Duddeley on the unsettled state of Ireland, and says that Shane O'Neill has written a letter to Captain Pers that the town of Carrickfergus, which is Her Majesty's, must either pay him the tribute he asks or be preyed. The town at that time paid a yearly buying to the Scots.
On the 18th of August 1564f O'Neill writes to the Lord Justice and Council that the Lord Robert Duddeley had advised him by letter to do some notable service whereby he might be the better accepted of the Queen. He can see no greater rebels and traitors than the Scots. He has a mind to do them some mischief, and desires permission to enter Knockfergus.
August 22. J The Lord Justice Arnold and Council write to O'Neill approving of his intention to attack the Scots.
P. 244, No. 73. f P. 244, No. 76.
J P. 245, No, 80.
PREFACE. xxvii
Arnold seems to have been a very cunning man in his own eyes. On the 29th of January 1565,* he assures Cecill that he acts with the wild Irish as with bears and bandogs ; so that he sees them fight earnestly and tug each other well, he cares not who has the worse. But Cecill professes a different creed, for he repliesf that Arnold is not to con- sider what the world only will judge, but what God sees ; Cecill, as a Christian man, cannot without perplexity con- template the wild Irish, set to fight as bears and bandogs.
On the 29th of October 1564J the Calough O'Donnell relates how he sent six standards, which he took from Shane O'Neill to the Lord Lieutenant Sussex, and how sub- sequently he was " traytoursly taken by Shan Onnell, . . . " and so I was in pry son and bounde bothe hande and fowthe, " and a grethe coler of yron sethe aboutt my neke, and a " grethe chayen of yron faste to the same coler and to a " pere of boltyes that was apon my legeys, so shorthe that " I could nott stretche my legeys nother ryesse oupe " ryghtt by no menes nyghtt nother daye ; and when he " perseveyd thatt I cowld nott by ondown after this maner " he thoghtt to tourmente my after an outher maner to " the inthenthe that he myghtt hawe all my jowelles, and " so he cawssyd the yrons to by strayned apon my legeys u and apon my handy s so sore that the very bloud dyde " ryne down on everye syde of myne yrons, insomoutche " that I dyd wyshe after dethe a towsanthe tyemes." This Calough O'Donnell was Shane O'Neill's father-in-law, for on a former occasion Shane had married his daughter.
On the 2nd of April 1565 Shane§ writes to Cusake acknowledging the Queen's great favour to him.
* P. 252, No. 20. f p- 254, No. 50.
J P. 247, No. 96. § P. 256, No. 3.
C
xxviii PREFACE.
On the 2nd of May* Shane writes to the Lord Justice Arnold of his conflict with Sorley Boy M'Donnell, the arrival of James M'Donnell with all his force from Scotland, and the final overthrow of the Scots and capture of Jamesf and Sorley.
On the 22d of JuneJ the Privy Council write to the Lord Justice Arnold, to send a special man to O'Neill to practise with him for the recovery of James McDonnell and his brother into the possession of the Queen. They also write§ to O'Neill to know how the battle commenced, who are the captives, and what Scottish captains survive.
On the 28th of July|| O'Neill writes to the Queen that the letters of the Earl of Leicester and Sir W. Cecill led him to attack the Scots. The names and numbers of the captives he took on the 2nd of May, " in qua victoria " captus et vulneratus erat dictus Jacobus M'Domhnaill et " ejus frater Somharlinus captus fuit, qui fuit principalis " Scotorum Gubernator in omnibus terris quas usurparunt " in hoc regno, atque occisus est alter ejus germanus qui " vocabatur Eneas superbus."
On the 23rd of August^" Sir Thomas Cusake writes to Cecill for the Queen to write a letter of thanks to O'Neill for his good service against the Scots, with reward.
On the 25th of August** O'Neill writes to the Privy Council that he had received their letters of June 25, in answer to which he despatches the Dean of Armagh, to
* P. 260, No. 34.
f At page 73, No. 29, i. is a letter from this Jatnes M'Conaill of Dunnewaik and Gianni's, apparent heir of the Isles, to the Lord Deputy Sentleger.
I P. 263, No. 69. § P. 264, No. 71.
|| P. 268, No. 32. «[ P. 270, No. 46.
** P. 270, No. 50.
PREFACE. xxix
relate all that took place at the conflict. James M'Donnell is dead. 700 or 800 Scots were slain. All the towns and castles of the Scots are now in the Queen's possession. He praises Sir Nicholas Arnold.
On the 10th of November* the Privy Council write to Shane O'Neill acknowledging the receipt of his letters of August 25th by the Dean of Armagh, and rejoice in the
fortunate success that has crowned his honourable intention
i
in attacking the Scots.
On the 1 8th of Feb. 1566f are the causes moving Shane's people not to suffer him to come to the Lord Deputy Sydney's presence with such expedition as his Lordship requires.
Sir N. Bagenall writesj that Shane says " he hath won " all by the sword, and by the sword he will keep it."
On the 1st of March§ Sydney writes, that before Shane would have his parliament robes sent into his country, but at this time he cares not to be made an Earl. He never made peace with the Queen but by her own seeking. His ancestors were Kings of Ulster, Ulster was theirs, and Ulster is his, and shall be his.
On the 27th of March || Cecill writes that all the Council are inclined to the extirpation of that proud rebel Shane O'Neill, but at present they make no resolution.
On the 25th of April^f Shane writes, styling himself Defender of the Faith, to Charles the IXth, King of France, for 5,000 or 6,000 well armed men, to assist in expelling the English from Ireland. He also writes** to the Cardinal of Lorraine to persuade the French King to send the aid he needs.
* P. 278, No. 39. f P. 288, No. 29. i.
$ P. 289, No. 33. § P. 289, No. 35.
|| P. 293, No. 67. f P. 298, No. 34.
** P. 299, No. 35.
c 2
XXX PREFACE.
On the 29th of April* the Bishop of Meath writes that Shane hath taken O'Donnell's brother and very cruelly put him to death, and six or seven score of his men.
May 18,f the Lord Deputy writes amongst other matters that he had concluded peace with O'Neill for a time, but he and Knollys are determined to overthrow him.
On the 24th of JuneJ Cecill writes that Her Majesty has commanded him to expedite the 1,000 men to be sent oat of England against O'Neill ; his practices with Scotland fully discovered.
On the 16th of August§ Thomas Lancaster writes that Shane has entered the English Pale with fire and sword ; and that on the 29th July he besieged Dundalk. Eighteen of his men killed by John Fytzwylliams and his band, assisted by the inhabitants of the town ; their heads cut off and placed upon the gates.
On the 9th of September || Shane writes to John of Desmond inviting him to join him against the English. They would have attacked John of Desmond only for Shane O'Neill. Shane has robbed and burnt Meath.
On the 12th of November^ the Lord Deputy Sydney, the Earl of Kildare, and others write to the Queen the details of the expedition against O'Neill. His chief house Benboorb utterly burned. The site of the Deny given to the Queen, and Colonel Randolfe left there with 600 foot and 50 horse.
On the 23rd** of November Thomas Lancaster writes an account of the journey. In the encounter between Colonel Randolfe and O'Neill, 400 of O'Neill's men were slain besides such as O'Dogherty slew.
* P. 299, No. 40. f P. 301, No. 55.
J P. 306, No. 27. § P. 312, No. 89.
|| P. 314, No. 7. f P. 317, No. 43.
** P. 319, No. 57.
PREFACE. xxxi
On the 29th of December* O'Neill writes to the Lord Deputy Sydney and Council, that he never demanded any- thing, but what was contained in his articles of peace with Sir Thomas Cusake, and offers to agree to those articles at any time.
On the 1 6th of January 1567f the Queen writes to the Lord Deputy Sydney as to the difficulty respecting the Scottish leader, Alexander Oge, brother to James M'Donnell, who " hath very well servid in prayeng upon Shane ;" but she adds, " We take it for certen that the best way were, as " you also have thought (if tyme and other oportunityes " might serve us), to suffre no Scot to have any habitation " or abode in Ireland."
On the 1st of February 1567J Shane writes to the Car- dinals of Lorraine and Guise, to use their influence with the French King to send an army to assist him to restore and defend the Roman Catholic faith.
On the 20th of April§ the Lord Deputy Sydney relates the great success of the enterprise against Shane O'Neill, who is driven into the woods, so that it is hardly known where he is.
On the 16th of May|| Thomas Phetyplace, who looketh hourly to be carried to execution, describes the strength of Shane O'Neill to be not in men, but in subtlety; his surety not in the nobility, nor yet in his kinsmen and brothers, but in his foster brothers, the O'Donnellaughs, about 300 gentlemen. His warrior indeed is Turlough Lynagh. His Englishmen, castles, ordnance, numbers, and places of refuge.
* P. 325, No. 13, i. f P. 324, No. 8.
J P 326, No, 22. § P. 330 and 331, No. 66,
I) P; 333, No. 92.
xxxii PREFACE.
On the 18th of May " Alexander Oig M'Conaill, Stewart " off Kintire," arrived in the Glynns. He wrote on the 20th* to the Lord Deputy Syduey that he would have come sooner, but was hindered by neighbours in Scotland. His intention to march forward into Tyrone, and do such service as he is able for the Queen.
On the 31st of Mayf Thomas Lancaster writes that Sir Hugh O'Donnell, with a small band, nearly captured Shane O'Neill, and slew most of his men. Art M'Baron takes a prey of 1,000 kine, &c. from Shane, and Captain Pers and others take great preys. The 20th of May the Lord Deputy Sydney took his journey into Tyrone, when Cormac M' Ardyll, President of Shane's Council, Hugh Carragh O'Donnell, and Art M'Donyll, with many followers, came in. Shane O'Neill has set Con O'Donnell and his brother at liberty. Bally- shannon and Beleek Castles delivered to Con.
On the 10th of JuneJ Sir William Fytzwylliams informs Cecill that the Lord Deputy Sydney and O'Donnell had so weakened Shane O'Neill that he sought " to joyne himself " with his mortole inemye, Alexsander Oge," brother to James M'Donnell, and Sorley Boy, who lay in the Glynns with 800 or 900 Scots. He had used two days' talk with the same Alexander, and the third day, when he thought to have ended a full conclusion with him, of binding in friend- ship to have served on his side, God so disposed his pleasure as he suffered that traitor to receive his end among those Scots, " who cutt and hewed him as is sayd exstreamlye." " This rebel's end was on Monday, towards night, the " second of June, an end hard enough, but not sufficient " for his deserts. If God's will so had been, I would he " might have been taken, to the end he might in other sort " have received his just desert, and that he might have
. 333, No. 93. f P. 334, No. 97. J P. 335, No. 8.
PREFACE. xxxiii
" told, as is said he did report he would, so much as " should have gained the Queen's Majesty more land than " Tyrone was worth." Turlough Lynagh is said to have proclaimed himself O'Neill. Fytzwylliams recommends that the Scots should be paid in money for their service, and dismissed out of the land.
On the 24th of June* Winchester writes that Sydney must see Shane's lodging that he built in the fen, where he kept his cattle and men, and not to forget Shane's wife and family if they do humble themselves.
On the 6thf of July the Queen makes mention of Shane's son, in prison in Dublin Castle, and wishes Sydney to advise her whether it were not better to send him to some castle in Wales.
On the 5th of March 1588/9, the Lord Deputy Fytz- wylliams writes to Burghley that he had received a letter from Hugh Gavelagh, one of the sons of Shane O'Neill, and adds that the sons of Shane O'Neill are seven in number, and all save one of Scottish race, and greatly beloved, and will no doubt attempt to succeed Turlough Lynagh. Here are the names ,of five of them : Henry, said to be very dangerous ; Con, the second son ; Art, Hugh Gavelagh, and Shane Oge O'Neill. Shane O'Neill had also a daughter Alice.J
The limits of a Preface naturally forbid the production of more than a few meagre extracts from the voluminous correspondence relating to the exploits and rebellions of Shane O'Neill ; but these few will serve to indicate the nature of the information which the State Papers supply
* P. 338, No. 28. t Pp- 340, 341, No. 49.
J She is mentioned at page 359, No. 11, iii. See also p. 205^ No. 19.
xxxiv PREFACE.
for every great name in Ireland. Scarcely less ample are the details of Con O'Neill, Shane's predecessor, or of Tur- lough Lynagh O'Neill, his successor in the government of O'Neilland, while the wars of the Fitzgeralds and the exploits of the Butlers are detailed with the utmost exactness.
On the 4th of July 1570* the Earl of Ormond writes to Mr. Heneage that he takes the Queen's staying the judgment and execution of his brethren as an exceeding mercy. The stain of his house nippeth him at the heart. Sir Edmund was certainly bewitched. The Earl of Or- mond was also bewitched, but has recovered.
There are some remarkable notices of church matters, which cannot be obtained elsewhere. On the 28th of Octo- ber 1550f the Lord Deputy Sentleger and Council recom- mended John Bradye for preferment to the see of Kilmore. There is at page 158J a letter from the Queen to Warhame Sentleger and Robert Sentleger, to send over the books and writings of the antiquary John Bale, late Bishop of Ossory, " a man that hath byn studious in the " serche for the history and antiquities of this our realme," which he left behind him " in the tyme of our late sister " Quene Mary, when he was occasioned to departe out " of Ireland," " for the illustration and setting forth of " the storye of this our realme by him, the said Bale."
In 1567§ the Queen writes to Sydney of a purpose to plant Ulster with obedient subjects. In 1568|| we learn that it was Thomas Flemyng who made the rate for the renting of Ulster.
* P. 433, No. 68. f P. 109, No. 63.
t No. 85. § p. 336, No. 10.
|| P. 380, No. 14.
PREFACE. XXXV
Here it will be requisite to make a few observations on the names which occur in this Calendar, and more especially on the names, surnames, and nic-names of the wild Irish.
Among the various difficulties which beset the patient student of Irish history, the identification of " members,"* as they were sometimes quaintly called, who exercised from time to time no inconsiderable influence upon the affairs of the several provinces, is one neither of the least nor last.
Indeed, so great is the difficulty of identification, that even now, with all our experience, it is hard to name these remote members. For instance, what shall we call Sir Brian M'Felim, and how index him ? He was one of the O'Neills, of the clan of yellow Hugh O'Neill ; his full name is Sir Brian O'Neill M'Phelim Bacho ;f and his Latin name Bernardus O'Nele filius Phelimei Claudi.J
Cahir M'Arte Kavanagh, and Cahir M'Carthy one of the family of the McCarthys.
Brian Carragh M'Cormac M'Donnell, Captain of Glan- conkene.§
Turlough Oge M'Owen Moyll, of Ireland birth.||
Con Boy M'Henry M'Shane O'NeilLf
And Edmund M'Shane Ballogh O'Conor.**
Then there was Donnell Gorm, son of James, son of Alexander, son of John Cahanagh ;ff and there was Donnell Gorm M'Donnell, or M'Donald as he is spelt in Douglas's peerage of Scotland, Lord of the Out Isles of Scotland. Both these men were Donnell Gorm M'Donnell, and both
* P. 386, 70. ii. f p- 469, No. 45. $ P. 469, No. 44.
§ P. 361, No. 20, i., and p. 374, No. 9, vn. He will be found in the Index under M'Donnell.
|| Mentioned in the paper calendared at p. 360, No. 15, i.
^ P. 361, No. 20, ii. He will be found in the Index under O'Neill.
** Mentioned in the pciper calendared at p. 358, No. 8.
•ff Mentioned in the "Four Masters," year 1586, page 1849.
xxxvi PREFACE.
were great men ; one died young, and the other very old. One was the son of James M'Donnell, whom Shane O'Neill slew, [and was killed in 1586] in the road into Connaught ; the other was Lord of the Out Isles from 1537 to 1585. Again, at page 421,* there is the name of O'Callaghan ; this in the manuscript is spelt Ocaliuan.
The principle of giving the name of every individual as he himself spelt it, when that can be ascertained, has been adopted. At page 97, No. 165, there is an example of the advantage of this principle.
Then there was a question whether to follow a fixed spelling for men who could be generally identified ; or whether their names should be varied with the orthography of every letter-writer who addressed them. It would have crowded the Index with cross references and repeated and com- mingled the leading characters of Irish history, as if seen through a multiplying glass, to have jotted down all these same and identical individuals disguised in so many spell- ings, and must have perplexed and greatly taxed the attention of the historical enquirer. But this question was already partly answered. Having adopted for all, whose signatures are extant, their own spelling, it seemed better to spell others, who never chanced to spell for themselves, on a uniform system. This was conformable to the plan which allowed each to choose his own spelling, and at the same time useful to the general reader. For instance, having once ascertained that Matthew Kyng — no imaginary person — was Clerk of the Check ; the enquirer will naturally look for him the next time as Kyng, not Kingef nor Kynge. So for Whites, Whytes, and Whyttes ; Wise, and Wyse, &c.
* No. 70, line 12. •
j- Lord Deputy Sydney " To oure wel belovid Mathewe Kinge, Clerk of the Checke." 1565/6, March 7.
PREFACE. xxxvii
Once more, names are frequently translated ; and in Latin documents, which are not a few in this correspond- ence, we have Venantius for Waucop, the blind Scottish Bishop ; he of course is calendared as Waucop, and the same for others.
The question of surnames having been settled, then followed the Christian names ; the English Christian first, as James and John, Geoffrey and Bartholomew, Anne and Mary, Frances and Jane ; then the Irish Christian names, as Aod or Hugh, Cahir or Charles, Ferdoragh or Ferdinand, Thady or Timothy, Tibbot or Theobald, Turlough* or Terence, with Cecily, Celia, Eveleen or Evelina, Edwina, Sawe, Sabia or Sabina, Rose, Judith, and Una. For these it has been thought convenient to choose the simplest and most common way of spelling the simplest and most common names, adopting the same plan for the Irish as for the English, and following out the same principle for the harder and more unusual names.
A few words may now be said as to the epithets. Here again there is an open question, — is hairy or harry, or charric or charrie the right way of spelling the epithet at the end of the long name, Alexander Oge M'Alester Charrie, or, in the Irish character, SlUfcaji 63 tijdc 2lUfrndjt)t) Cl)d]x]id)3. His father's name must have been Alexander Carragh M'Donnell. Here, and in similar instances, a fixed spelling has been followed, and he is always called Alexander Oge M'Alester Charrie. So, the nickname or epithet, Oge, junior, is universally adopted for all its va- rieties. It may be asked, why a capital .has been used with these epithets ; to this the Editor was led by the general practice of the MSS., in which he is called Alex-
* Turlough is spelt in Irish rojii|i6eAll)Ar, in Dr. O'Donovan's "Four Masters," page 1484, fourth paragraph ; and in the Latin document, calen- dared at p. 377, No. 28, i. the name is Terentius.
xxxviii PREFACE,
ander Oge by way of abbreviation, and as the rest of a long name is not always supplied when it is sufficiently clear who is meant, the epithet almost becomes a name, as in the instance of Sorley Boy and Turlough Lynagh. In these cases the capitals arrest the eye and define the name, whereas, if Boy, yellow, had been printed with a small b, as Sorley boy, the reader would have had to look on carefully to the next word or two, to see where the name ended; on the other hand, it is not often that an intelligent enquirer will take the epithet for the name.
There was good reason in early times for the use of the epithet as Con Boy, not Con O'Neill. The inhabitants of the country were divided, not into shires, hundreds, and tithings, but into nations, septs, or clans, all bearing the same surname ; there was thus no possibility of distin- guishing individuals from each other but by epithets or nic-names ; for the surnames were almost all alike, and the same Christian names ran in families.
This is the model of the plan on which the nomenclature of the Calendar is based, and its effect is to bring before the reader the many names treated of in this Calendar, with some sort of identity. Even after this, he will not find he has to complain for want of matter on which to exercise his intelligence and discretion, for there will still be mystery enough. Thus, there were two men called John of Desmond. One was Sir John, the Earl of Desmond's brother; the other wras his uncle, John Oge.*
Again mention is made of three different Alexander Oges at the same period. One was Alexander Oge McDonnell, Steward of " Kintire " in Scotland,f the brotherj of James
* P. 419, No. 61. 1559, Sept. 7. Ormond. John's Oge's autograph ib,, 61, 11.
•j" P. 333, No. 93. He is mentioned in the paper calendared at p. 349, No. 25, i., and in controversy with his brother Sorley Boy, p. 386, No. 70, i.
$ P. 314, No. 11.
PREFACE. xxxix
M'Donnell whom Shane O'Neill slew. Another was Alexander Oge M'Alester Charrie of the Glynns, of Ireland birth, whose next brother was Randal Oge M' Alester Charrie.* And the third was Alexander Oge M' Alexander Gawle, mentioned in the note of such Scots as were in Ulster before the last coming of Sorley Boy,f and it will not be easy to sort out them, and such as them as Con Boy and Neill Oge.J This is difficult enough with well known names as William Cecill ; how few know that there was William Cecill, for whom Sir William Cecill wrote to the Lord Deputy Sydney as follows, " I pray your Lordship to " be good to on Wm. Cecill of my name, and as I take it, of " my blood ; he fondly but yet servisably went into Irland " without my knolledg, whan for his proffitt he ought to " have tarryed in England." Also William Cecill, eldest son of Sir Thomas Cecill, second Lord Burghley and Earl of Exeter, of whom there are letters extant at Domestic, 1579, January 1, and 1585, Nov. 8; also, Nov. 24, Guil. Cecill's Italian letter from Padua. And also William Cecill, a priest who was imprisoned. In addition to these there was a William Cicill, Sheriff of Herefordshire in 1580.§
It is hoped that the attempt to individualize the particular man by the uniform spelling of his name, and the adoption of settled orthography for Christian names, will tend to simplify the study of history, while it cannot but assist the philosophical scholar, the genealogist, and the antiquary.
Much having been said as to the names of persons, we may here notice the fluctuating orthography of the names
* Mentioned in the paper calendared at p. 349, No. 25, 1. ; and also in the paper at p. 360, No. 15, i. f P. 360, No. 15, i.
J Neill Oge O'Neill slain, p. 406, No. 1. § Neither this sheriff nor the priest was related to Burghley,
xl PREFACE.
of places. In the four books of reference by authors of undoubted learning and patience, Seward, Beaufort, O'Donovan, and Griffith, to which reference has been made, we find, —
Killfeacle, .... in barony Clanwilliam, county Tipperary, Seward's Topographia Hibernica, 4to, 1795.
Kilfiacle, &c., &c. co. Tipperary, Seward, 12mo, 1789.
Killfeacle, co. Tipperary, barony Clanwilliam, in Beaufort's Memoir of a Map of Ireland, 4to., 1/92.
CjU-'FJdcdl, Kilfeacle, in Muschraighe - Bhreogain ; Dr. O'Donovan's "Four Masters," Index, 4to., 1856.
And Kilfeakle in Griffith's General Valuation of Ireland, county of Tipperary, S.R., 4to, Dublin, 1854.
Thus, there are four different spellings for the name of the same place, while two out of the four authors spell the name two different ways. If, then, the painstaking compilers, who intended to print their books as works of reference, spell so uncertainly, what may we not expect, and what do we not find, in the loose orthography of the sixteenth century? Care has been taken not to unnecessarily increase the number of the names of the many places in Ireland, and when it is well ascertained that a certain Divlin or Dyvelyn or Dulin means Dublin, Dublin has been put without hesitation.
Sometimes where there was room a double spelling has been given, as at page 416, No. 39, Tavelaghe [Tallagh]; ib. No. 42, Munechan [Monaghan], M'Mawna [M'Mahon], In this way the modern name is sometimes given thus, "Dyngham" [Philipstown.]*
Although a uniformity of style in the spelling of names of places has been aimed at throughout the Calendar in order to avoid confusion, yet, in cases where a misconception could
* P. 415, No. 26.
PREFACE. xli
not arise, it has been deemed expedient to accustom the eye of the reader, even in the Calendar, to look upon spelling as a mere accessory, and to seek in the phonetic combination of the letters the appellation of the place. Thus, at page 408, No. 23, Sligo is spelt Slygo, Sligo, and Slygeah, and Ilfracomb has been spelt at page 410, No. 52, Ilefarecombe, and at page 413, Nos. 1 1 and 12, Ilfracombe and Ylfarcombe. This plan was found the more requisite, as in some cases, where the name is not to be clearly identified with its modern name, the spelling of the document has been unavoidably followed, for example, Ravanaghe p. 487, No. 24, ii. Has this place been thoroughly destroyed, or did the copyist mistake the name when he made the copy of the letter here calendared ?
Some of the clerks who made the copies were rather careless, and, not being acquainted with the localities they were writing about, miscopied and obscured the names, as Sencaille, page 383, No. 45, vii. The name is clear enough in the document, which is a copy, but it is most probably a clerical error, perhaps it was not very clear in the original, and not considered of importance by the transcriber. Some- times in such cases it has been thought best to give the name without any attempt at correction. The topographical or genealogical writer, who is interested and well versed in his particular subject, will frequently be able to gather from the confused name what place was intended. It is possible that the real name of this place would become apparent to a person possessing other letters written from the same neighbourhood about the same time ; for instance, if it were known that Turlough Lynagh was at Lecale on the day of date of this letter, the termination of this date would speak clearly enough for the rest of the word, and the Sen of the commencement would be at once attri- buted to some error.
xlii PEEFACE.
But there were many places which existed in the early part of Elizabeth's reign, and have since perished from the map. Many of these had names similar to names now in being, and it would have been unsafe to hazard any alteration in their spelling. Furthermore, it was not always to be ascertained, in anything like a reasonable time, whether a place mentioned was certainly one or other of several. Thus we have in 1566/7, January 29, the Lord Deputy writing from Lackagh. He had been three days before at Kilmainham ; it is therefore more probable that he writes from Lackagh in co. Kildare than from either Lackah in Galway or Lackah in Donegal. However, as he spelt the place Lachaugh, his spelling has been left as it stands in the manuscript. There might have been a Lachaugh which no longer exists, or if any one were carefully investigating his particular proceedings, it would readily appear what place was meant by the name as his amanuensis spelt it. There is, too, a Maglass in the county of Wexford,* as well as Dr. O'Donovan's Moyglass in Galway. This is why various spellings for the same place will occasionally be met with.
It often happens that inclosures are placed in the order of their dates in this Calendar, and not in the letters which conveyed them, as the articles of instructions for the Earl of Ormond and others at page 219, No. 57, and the memorial of the parley, No. 58. These were inclosed in a letter now missing, which is answered by Queen Elizabeth, August 9 ; so also the copies of T. Lynagh's letters, calendared at page 485, Nos. 10 and 11. In such cases it is generally to be understood that the letter inclosing them has been re- moved from this collection, and it may very probably be
* P. 49, No. 24.
PREFACE. xliii
found in the Archbishop of Canterbury's library at Lambeth Palace, at Hatfield House, or amongst the Cottonian Manu- scripts at the British Museum ; but this must not be taken for a certainty, for inclosures were not always mentioned in the letter inclosing them, as the following extract from a despatch of 8th June 1596 clearly proves : — " We have re- " ceived divers letters from sundry parts of this realm, some " points whereof we have thought meet to impart unto your " Lordships by these our letters, and yet withal to send " the transcripts of the whole, the more fully and par- " ticularly to give your Lordships satisfaction in all." The last inclosure to the above letter came after the sealing of the despatch. Indeed, it often happened that despatches were stayed on the Irish side of the Channel for wind after they were dated, in which case inclosures frequently under- went changes, and many were added, as at page 360, No. 15, L, where the inclosure bears the date 1567/8, January 27, whilst the letter is dated January 22, but the undated postscript which mentions the inclosure speaks of the delay occasioned by bad weather. Another example of this occurs in Sir Henry Wallop's letter of 1596, April 10, inclosing a certi- ficate, with Wallop's own signature, after the 1st of May. In such cases the inclosures are placed in their respective letters, without always repeating the reasons for so doing, which will generally be found obvious by those who consult the papers.
In the Irish correspondence inclosures are very numerous ; at page 368 is a letter No. 74, with 15 inclosures, and at page 390, No. 4, one with 16 inclosures. The month and day and place of the date of the inclosure is placed last of all ; and the year is generally the same as that of the in- closing letter, in other cases the year has been specified
when needful.
d
xliv PREFACE.
It was not always, however, that there were any letters at all from Ireland, for, in November 1568,* Cecill complains to the Lord Deputy Sydney that he has been almost five months without news. And this notwithstanding that in 1565f Sir Henry Sydney and the Council were commanded to read their instructions once a quarter, and make a return to Her Majesty thereon.
Occasionally letters were misdated by the writer, as that of T. Lynagh, which was dated on April 16th and received on the 15th, as explained at page 375, No. 13, u. ; and sometimes undated papers were indorsed with a wrong date, as that at page 463, No. 52, which has been indorsed by Burghley as 1574, while there is internal evidence to show that it cannot be later than 1571, where it is placed.
There are many papers in this collection entirely without date. To these proximate dates have been assigned from the internal evidence, and the paper placed where it would have been, if such date had appeared on it. It would fre- quently require much space to detail the several reasons for deciding the date of a paper; it has been therefore con- sidered sufficient to place the document in its natural chronological order, assuming the supposed date to be correct.
In cases where but slender reason exists for placing the paper in one place more, than in another, the dates assigned may be wrong, but still it is hoped they are sufficiently near to bring them before the eye of the enquirer on whatever subject he may be engaged.
The dates of facts are not very well ascertained in history ; for instance, in the " Four Masters "J it is recorded at the year 1547 that M'Murrough (Murtough the son of Art Boy)
* P. 397, No. 48. f P. 275, No. 4. J O'Donovan, p. 1505.
PREFACE. xlv
died. Now Anthony Colcloght writes to Bellyngham that this very man came to him to Carlow. The letter is dated September 5, and directed to Bellyngham, who did not arrive in Ireland till May 19, 1548. It is very certain, however, that M'Murrough died in 1548, because his brother Cahir M'Arte Kavanagh takes his place after this mention.
It will be seen that divers of the papers printed in the second and third volumes of State Papers* have been here calendared ; the first that occurs is at page 2.f Although these papers are already before the public in their entire form it was considered that, as they occur in the corre- spondence it was requisite to admit them to their due place, and further it seemed advisable to attach some mark to them to show that they have been printed in that col- lection. To answer all these conditions it was judged the simplest way to reprint the contents of them as already given at the commencement of volumes II. and III., and to include the same in inverted commas by way of quotation. This was thought sufficient to indicate to the reader such papers as are printed in those volumes. These observa- tions apply only to the reign of Henry VIII., which occupies the first 76 pages of this Calendar.
The number of letters in foreign languages is very con- siderable ; there are many in Latin, Spanish, and Irish, and not a few in French, Scotch, Italian, and Portuguese.
It is not possible that I should conclude these prefatory remarks without returning my warm acknowledgments to Dr. John O'Donovan, the learned editor of the " Four Masters ;" to Richard Nugent, Esq., of Mount Nugent, co. Cavan ; to Herbert F. Hore, Esq., of Pole Hore, co. Wex- ford ; and to D. M'Carthy, Esq., of Stourfield, near Christ-
* State Papers, temp. Hen. VIII., published by Royal Commission. xi. vols. 4to. 1830—1852. f No. 9.
xlvi PREFACE.
church, Hants., for much information derived from their family papers, their experience in the Irish names of men and places, and their intimate topographical knowledge of several districts in Ireland. Through the courtesy of these gentlemen, and of many others whom I have had occasion to consult, my work has received a more com- plete finish than I could have expected when first I took in hand the exceedingly large mass of often undated, and sometimes almost illegible, historical materials, which are now explained to all enquirers in the Calendar, and brought almost to the eye of every searcher by the Index.
HANS C. HAMILTON. 22nd November 1859.
IRELAND.
HENRY VIII.
Vol. I. 1509-1532.
1509. June 8.
Dublin.
1510. June 5.
Dublin.
1509.
1. The Lords Spiritual and Temporal and Council of Ireland to King Henry VIII. The Earl of Kildare, the late King's Deputy Lieutenant, had purposed to repair to his noble presence. They have entreated Kildare to abide and protect them from the Irish- men. Have elected the said Earl of Kildare Lord Justice.
1510.
2. Earl of Kildare to the same. Has received his letters missive, dated Greenwich 28th July last, desiring that he would repair to his most noble presence, that they might have plenary communication as to the weal of Ireland. Has been desired by his cousins, the Earl of Desmond and the Lord Burke of Connaught, not to depart, but to appease the variance betwixt them. Incloses,
2. i. Petition of Morice Earl of Desmond, Piers Butler Earl of Ormond, and others, to the King : — In behalf of the Earl of Kildare, whom they had entreated to stay in Ireland to end " the trowbill and wariens" between them and the Lord Burke of Connaught and the Lords taking his part. July 10, Limerick. Ireland Case A. No. 1.
1514.
May 14. 3. John Kite, Archbishop of Armagh, to Thomas Wolsey, Bishop
Termonfeckin, of Lincoln. Perilous state of the English Pale. Assures the people
tesideDr°Sheda-that the King will come ere long to reform the State. The King
is as much bound to reform this land as to maintain good order and
justice in England.
June 7. 4. Same to same. Has not heard from him since his departing,
Termonfeckin, which is more pain to him than all the diseases he finds in Ireland.
beside Droghe']a.Tjie bark of Chester, in which he crossed over, has had a sore
fight with two " Bryttanes," men-of-war both, and pirates. The
town of Drogheda manned two ships and went to assist against the
pirates ; one of the pirates, and a merchantman laden with salt,
taken.
IRELAND — HENRY VIII.
Dublin. [Tallagh.]
VOL. I.
1514. 5. A geographical account of Ireland, describing its division into provinces, counties, and baronies, and its 5,530 towns. A cantred is a country that containeth 100 towns.
1515. 1515'
Sept. 12. 6. Hugh Inge, Bishop of Meath, to Thomas Wolsey, Archbishop of Wells. York. Entreats his favour and support.
Dec. 1. 7. Gerald Earl of Kildare Lord Deputy to the King. Has received Dublin. his letters of July 8, for lawful assistance to Dame Anne Sentleger and Dame Margaret Boleyn, in the prosecution of their causes concern- ing the lands lately belonging to Thomas Earl of Ormond, deceased, in controversy betwixt the said ladies and one Sir Piers Butler. States what he has done in the case.
Dec. 12. 8. Wm. Rokeby, Archbishop of Dublin and Lord Chancellor, to beside Cardinal Wolsey. Has been occupied with the Lord Deputy in Sir Thomas Boleyn's cause. Sir Piers Butler, who calls himself the Earl of Ormond, has not appeared. His greatness. Trusts that John Theodorici's cause will come to good pass. The Prior pre- tended, with divers of the city, kept the place against him [the writer] manu forti, and committed a great riot.
9. " State of Ireland, and plan for its reformation."
10. Articles of complaint, exhibited by Elizabeth Dowager Coun- tess of Gerald eighth Earl of Kildare against the Lord Deputy Gerald ninth Earl of Kildare, her son-in-law. The said Lord Deputy has granted a tribute out of her lands named Coyle, to the King's Irish enemy called the Great O'Neill. Since her departing he has suffered the lands of her sons, his brethren, to fall into the hands of the wild Irishmen, excepting some part which is taken by one Delahide, of Moyclare, his steward, to the utter destruction of complainant and of her children. The lands of her ward, one Rochford, of Kilbride, are made waste by daily oppression of coin and livery. [This paper, which is much damaged, must be later than 1515, when Kildare was made Lord Deputy, and earlier than 1516, June 28, when the complainant died.~\
1520.
1520. March 10.
Westminster.
July.
Commission appointing Thomas Earl of Surrey Lord Lieutenant. Latin. [Recited in 1522, March 6, No. 32, which see.\
11. The King to the Lord Lieutenant Surrey, Lord Chancellor Rokeby, and Council. " State of Ireland on Surrey's arrival as Lieutenant. Cavalry to be sent to Ireland. Charges against the Earl of Kildare referred to Wolsey. Discord between Desmond and Sir Piers Butler [Earl of Ormon^. Francis I., King of France, offers to send troops to Ireland. The King's interviews with him and the Emperor Charles V."
Augusts. ^ 12. Surrey to Wolsey. "Is going to march against O'Neill. Dublin. Sickness. Recommends Sir Piers Butler to be Lord Treasurer."
IRELAND— HENRY VIII. '3
1520. VOL'L
August 25. 13. Lord Lieutenant Surrey and Council of Ireland to the King. Dublin. « Have invaded O'Neill and M'Mahon. Want money."
August 27. 14. Surrey to Wolsey. " Character of Sir John Wallop. Recom- Dubiin. mends that an Englishman shall fill the See of Cork."
August 27. 15. Sir John Stile to same. The great O'Neill "brake" his ap-
Dublin. pointment. The Lord Lieutenant entered the countries of O'Neill
and M'Mahon on August 11, and compelled them to make peace, as
Sir John Wallop can declare. Expense of transporting the Lord
Lieutenant. Low state of the revenues.
Sept. 6. 16. The Lord Lieutenant and Council to same. Death of the Dublin. Bishop of Cork and Cloyne. Kecommend Walter Wesley [Wellesley], Prior of Conall, to be appointed to the vacant See.
Sept. 25. 17. Same to same. " Wish to reconcile Desmond and Ormond. Dublin. Cavalry arrived. Want spearmen."
Oct. 3. 1 8. Surrey to same. " Commends Ormond. Wishes Lord Butler Dublin. to be sent to Ireland."
Oct. 6. 19. Lord Lieutenant and Council to same. " Reconciliation of Clonmel. Desmond and Ormond. Proposal of marriage between Lord Butler and Mary Boleyn."
Dec. 17. 20. Surrey to same. " Sends Chief Baron Fynglas to England, Dublin. and commends him and Chief Justice Bermyngham."
1521. 1521.
Feb. 25. 21. Bull of Leo X., impropriating certain rectories in the diocese Eome. of Kildare to the monastery of Rosglas.
April 27. 22. Surrey to Wolsey. " Has alarmed the Irishry by the expec- Dublin. tation of forces from England. Recommends Sir Wm. Darcy. Cor- mac Oge McCarthy desires to hold of the King."
June. 23. The King to Sir John Pechy. " Instructions on his mission
to Ireland. Expectation of an invasion from Scotland, in connexion with O'Neill. Kildare detained in England."
Sept. 15. 24. Surrey to Wolsey. Prays a final direction and conclusion of Dublin. the disputes between Waterford and Ross.
Sept. 16. 25. Same to the King. " Prays to be recalled. Complains of Dublin. sickness."
Oct. 19. 26. Sir John Stile to Wolsey. " Peace with O'Carroll, O'Co^ior, Dublin. and Conell. Revenue not fairly collected. Praises Chief Justice Bermyngham and Chief Baron Fynglas."
Dec. 2. 27. Surrey to Secretary Pace. " Is ill. Desires him to accelerate In his bed. his return,"
A 2
IRELAND — HENRY VIII.
1521.
[Dec. 2.] 28. A device how Ireland maybe well kept in obedience. [There is no date to this " device," but, from the circumstance of its being in the time of Cardinal Wolsey, it is not improbable that it may be " The Way how Ireland may be kept" alluded to by the Earl of Surrey in the preceding letter.'}
Dec. 21. 29. The Council of Ireland to Wolsey. " They praise the Lord Dublin. Lieutenant Surrey on occasion of his return to England." Damaged. •
30. Act of Parliament declaring Sir Piers Butler the true and lawful heir to James Fitz Edmond Fitz Richard Butler, otherwise called Earl of Orrnond, and repealing the Act of 7 Edw. I V. made in favour of Esmond and Theobald. [It is probable that this Act was passed in 1521, in pursuance of the Earl of Surrey's request of Oct. 3, 1520.]
1522. 1522«
March 6. 31. Sir John Rawson, Prior of Kilmainham, to Wolsey. " Thanks Kilniainham. him for advancing him to the Treasurership."
[March 6.] 32. Licence under the Sign Manual to the Lord Lieutenant Westminster. Surrey. To appoint Sir Piers Butler, Earl of Ormond, his Deputy. Latin.
March 11. 33. Sir John Stile to Wolsey. "Ormond to be Lord Deputy. Dublin. Difficulty in collecting the revenue. Expenditure/'
April 25. 34. Same to same. " Ormond to be sworn Lord Deputy. His Dublin. proceedings. Danger of disturbance from the return of Kildare. New Archbishop of Dublin."
1523. 1523-
Feb. 8. 35. Earl of Kildare to Wolsey. " Claims a promise of naming Maynooth. the Bishop of Kildare."
May 24. 36. Same to the King. " Punishment for trading with Bretons Kildare. and Scots. Complains of Ormond's oppressions. "
1524 1524.
May 2. 37. Letters patent granting to Thomas Stevyns, on the surrender Westminster. of Sir John Wallop, the office of Bailiff and Receiver of the lordship of Trim.
July 28. 38. Earls of Ormond and Kildare. " Compromise of their dif- ferences/'
July 12 to 39-42. Recognizances "for the English Marchers, for the Irish August 4. Marchers, for Berinyngham, for Ormond, and for Kildare."
August 4. 43. " Indenture between King Henry VIII. and the Lord Deputy Kildare." ^ '
IRELAND— HENRY VIII.
Kilcaa. [Kilkea.]
VOL. I.
1525. 1525.
Jan. 14. 44. Mayor and Citizens of Waterford to the King. Pray that Waterford. their charters may be preserved entire in the Parliament which the Earl of Kildare is about to hold.
April 7. 45. Gerald Earl of Kildare, Lord Deputy, to Cardinal Wolsey. My Manor of To enforce a decree made by his Grace and the Council, that the late Lord Slaue and his heir, the present Lord, now under age, should paceably enjoy the manors of Highbray and Credehoo, with the advowson of the church of Highbray in Devonshire.
April 12. 46. Same to. same. For the appointment of Dan John Sale, of Dublin. the Cistertian order, to a vacant living in the West parts of Ireland.
1526. 1526-
August 27. 47. Dr. Richard "Woleman to same. The King's pleasure that
Rammesbury. the Archbishop of Armagh should not come to London, because
there would be none of estate left in Ireland at the coming away
of his Lieutenant and Deputy Kildare, and other Councillors into
England.
Sept. 7. 48. Piers Earl of Ormond to same. Complains that the towns- Shirehampton. men of Bristol, to the number of 600, pressed upon his lodgings to burn the house while he was in his bed in the night. Prays Wolsey 's commandment to the Mayor and Sheriffs of Bristol to cease all process against his [Ormond's] servants, and to discharge his sureties till his next coming, when Wolsey may examine the matter.
Nov. 5.
1528. Jan. 18. Dromany.
49. Letters patent granting to Piers Butler, Earl of Ormond, and Margaret, his wife, and their heirs male, various castles, honours, and lands in Kilkenny and Tipperary.
1528.
50. Sir John Fitzgerald of Desmond and his son Gerald to the King. Have obeyed his commands, and aided James [Butler]. For this aid [James the eleventh] Earl of Desmond came with a host and burnt and destroyed the most part of their country. Have driven the said Earl to take shipping to the main sea, and slain many of his host. Damaged.
Feb. 23. 51. Hugh Inge, Archbishop of Dublin and Chancellor, and Chief Dublin. Justice Patrick Bermyrigham to Wolsey. " Lament the absence of Ormond and Kildare. Lord Delvin is insufficient as Vice Deputy, Want of good prelates and curates."
Feb. 24. 52. Sir John Fitzgerald to the King. Complains of the injuries- Manor of done to him and his tenants by the Earl of Desmond. Solicits par- Dromany. don for tne inhabitants of Youghal, who suffered the said Earl of Desmond to land with a great company from certain English ships.
March 24. 53. Con O'Neill to Wolsey. His readiness to serve the King Dungannon. against the rebels in Ireland. Latin.
IRELAND—HENRY VIII.
1528.
May 10.
Cloncurry.
May 15.
Dublin.
May 17.
Stoke.
May 20.
Caphydyn.
May 21.
June 10.
Waterford.
June 20.
Stoke.
VOL. I.
54. Sir Gerot Shanesson [M'Shane] to the King. Prays that the Earl of Ossory may be prevented from disturbing him in the posses- sion of the manor of Cloncurry,
55. The Council of Ireland to Wolsey. "Lord Delvin taken pri- soner by 0 'Conor. The Council have chosen Sir Thomas Fitzgerald to be Deputy ad interim/' Incloses,
55. i. Walter Wellesley, Prior of Conall to Hugh Inge, Arch- bishop of Dublin and Chancellor. States that, immediately on the receipt of his letters, he repaired to 0' Conor, luhom he found on the confines of his country. 0' Conor's complaint against the captive Deputy. He will neither make peace nor truce without the consent, of 0' 'Carroll. It is to be feared he will burn Athboy, Mullingar and Trim. 1528, May 15, Ballybogan. [This letter is mentioned in the State ^Papers, Vol. ii., p. 128; note, as not found at the time of their publication.]
56. Thomas third Duke of Norfolk, Lord High Treasurer of England, to Wolsey. Requests the King's letters to the Pope for the Prior of Conall to be Bishop of Kildare. The Archbishop of Cashel is come to petition the King that coin and livery may not be levied in his province. [This cannot be earlier than May 17, 1525, as Surrey, who wrote this, was not Norfolk till his father's death, May 21, 1524. See Index to State Papers.]
57. Lord James Butler to the Lord Chancellor of Ireland. " Has had an interview with Lord Delvin, in imprisonment at O'Conor's castle, and also with O'Conor himself/'
58. Piers Butler, Earl of Ossory, to same. " Measures for com- bining several chieftains against O'Conor/'
59. Piers Earl of Ossori to the King. " Tenders his services/'
60. Duke of Norfolk to Wolsey. •'< Ascribes the bad state of Ireland to the dissensions between Ossory and Kildare/' Incloses,
60. i. Archbishop of Dublin and Chancellor, and Chief Justice Patrick Bermyngham to Norfolk. Cahir Hoe O'Conor is likely to be at variance ivith his brother O'Conor, and trusteth to occupy his room. The variance of the two Earls will destroy the land. There must be more substantial order to make peace between them. Master James Glas, now Bishop of Killaloe, reports that Conor O'Brien, son to the last O'Brien, has confederated his kinsmen together with Cormac Oge M'Carthy, and other Irish Captains. Pray that the Earl of Kildare may be sent back. Recommend Christopher Delahide to be appointed Second Judge of the Common Pleas. 1528, May 30, Dublin. [James Glas must be James O'Corrin. He is given in printed books as succeeding at a later period, but this letter is signed by Hugh Inge, the Archbishop of Dublin, who died in 1528. The Second Judgeship of the Common Pleas was likewise filled un Dec. 19, 1528.]
IRELAND— HENRY VIII.
1528. - L
June 26. 61. Sir John Russell to Cardinal Wolsey. Giving directions from Hertford, the King to put the affairs of Ireland in order, and to appoint the Lord of Ossory or Mr. Butler, his son, in the room of the Vice De- puty, Lord Delvin. The King's Majesty is much troubled with this disease of the Sweat; for, as this night, there is fallen sick "my Lord Marques, my Lady Marques," Sir Thomas Cheyne, and Mistress Croke. Mr. Poynes is dead. The King removeth to Bishop's Hatfield.
July 3. 62. Norfolk to same. " Dissuades the King from appointing Ossory, or his son, Deputy of Ireland."
Sept. 18. 63. Lord James Butler to Doctor Stevyns [Stephen Gardyner]. Power's Court. Thanks for his manifold kindness in his affairs. Prays Gardyner to move Wolsey to take some pains in reading over his letters.
Oct. 14. 64. Piers Earl of Ossory to Wolsey. " Has received his commission. Drogheda. Complains of Kildare."
Oct. 14. 65. Lord James Butler to same. "Is flattered by Wolsey 's Dublin. compliments/'
66. The Lord Deputy and Council to the King, Wolsey, and others. Report on the state of Ireland.
Bill for the attainder of James eleventh Earl of Desmond, for treason in receiving and comforting the Lord Kendall [Comte de Candalle], of France, with other Frenchmen, his associates, within his lordships and manors in Ireland, and for privily sending messages to Francis, the French King, then being at war with Henry VIII. Ireland, Case A. No. 2. {After Nov. 10, 1522, and before June 18, 1529, when Desmond died. In this interval there was no Parlia- ment held in Ireland, but in 1528 there was an intention of hold- ing one ; and this document is no doubt one of the bills prepared as was customary, under the Great Seal of England, to be sent over and passed in Ireland.]
1529.
March 19. 67. Examination of Sir Gerald M'Shane, sworn right solemnly upon Dublin Castle, the holy mass book and" the great relick of Ireland, called Baculum Christi, in presence of the King's Deputy, Chancellor, Treasurer, and Justice. The Earl of Kildare directed the said Sir Gerald M'Shane to retain possession of any lands he withheld from the Earl of Ossory. Sir Walter Delahide and his wife and the Lady Ellys instigated O'Conor in his wars. The Earl of Kildare gave a token to Melour Faa, that if his daughter the Lady Ellys came to Ireland before him, he was not at liberty to return himself. Kildare sent word to his friends to keep peace till St. .Nicholas' tide.
[August.] 68. The King to Sir Wm. Skeffyngton. " Instructions for his conduct as Lord Deputy of Ireland/'
Oct. 17. 69. Surrey to Wolsey. Fragment, relative to Frenchmen and ships.
1531.
1532.
Feb. 20.
Dublin.
g IRELAND— HENRY VIII.
VOL. I. 1531.
70. Grant by Sir Win. Skeffyngton, Lord Deputy, to Martin Skryne, of the office of Customer and Admiral of the port of Carlingford.
1532.
71. John Topclyff [your Juge in Ireland] to the King. Com- plains that a secular priest and a secular abbot have by provision put out a good, blessed, religious father and prior, who had been by free election set over an abbey of regular canons in the town of Wexford.
March 19. 72. John Alen, Archbishop of Dublin, to Crumwell. "Applies for Dublin. a commendam. Has not received his salary."
May. 73. Depositions of Sir John Rawson the Prior of Kilmainham, and
Greenwich, the Lord Chief Justice of Ireland, before the Privy Council, con- cerning the demeanours of the Lord Deputy, Sir William Skeffyng- ton, and the Earls of Kildare and Ossory. Edmund O'Byrne, the most " arande " thief. Shane Mac Lorkin. Exactions levied. Imperfect.
Dec. 21. 74. Walter Cowley to Crumwell. "Kildare wounded. Lord Bristol. Butler married to the heiress of Desmond. M'Gilpatrick taken."
1533.
Feb. 26. Greenwich.
Vol . II. 1533—1535.
1533.
1. The King to the Mayor and City of Waterford. continuance of favour to their city.
Promises
July 18. 2. Lord Leonard Grey to Crumwell. To labour secretly to get the manors of Rathwere, Castle Rycard, Rathcoure, Salsheagh, and Sal- rayne, in Meath, in farm, for his sister the Countess of Kildare and her son Gerald Fitzgerald. She supposeth her husband would be " more gladder " to get these manors unto his eldest son than unto this son that he hath by her.
[July.] 3. Report to Crumwell, " on the disordered state of Ireland, and the remedy for the same."
Oct. 10. 4. Mr. Justice Richard Delahide to Crumwell. He did not receive
Dublin. Crumweirs letter in favour of Thomas Cusake for an office in the
Exchequer until after Cusake's departure. The said office had been
granted to himself, the salary of Chief Justice being but 24Z. 9s. per
annum.
IRELAND— HENRY VIII.
1533. Oct. 25.
Skeffyngton.
Nov. 4.
Skeffyngton.
1534.
April 27. Dublin.
May 17.
Youghal.
May.
May 24. Poplar.
May 31.
VOL. II.
5. Sir William Skeffyngton to Crumwell. " Lies in wait for the passage of Kildare."
6. Same to same. " Kildare's servants detained at Beaumaris by contrary winds."
7. A treatise by Patrick Fynglas, Lord Chief Baron of the Exchequer ; being an historical dissertation on the conquest of Ire- land, the decay of that land, and measures proposed to remedy the grievances thereof, arising from the oppressions of the Irish nobility.
8. The answer of John Alen, Archbishop of Dublin, to the demand of 100?. sterling and one hundred . . . whereof the Earl of Kildare Lord Deputy, and others of the Council, demand account of him. Pleads the pardon and release which he had procured from the King, dated 1532, Feb. 7, as a bar to all further inquiry. Much damaged.
1534.
9. Mr. Justice Richard Delahide to Crumwell. Has never spoken ill of him. Promises to send him a goshawk after midsummer.
10. Richard Allen, John Allen, Robert Allen, Jasper Allen, and Melchior Allen to Thomas Allen, Warden of the College of Youghal. The Earl of Desmond marvels greatly at his long tarrying. Thomas Fitzgerald, Lord Offaley, the Earl of Kildare's son, is now with my Lord O'Brien, and does all he can to obtain Desmond's good will. He has burnt all Thomas Allen's corn that lay in Little Beverley. He says he will slay Thomas Allen with his own hand, for causing the Earl of Desmond to be his foe.
1 1 . Report to the King " of the state of Ireland at the time of Kil- dare's recal from the Deputy ship."
12. Skeffyngton to Crumwell. " Disposal of Irish offices."
13. Same to same. " Disposal of Irish offices."
14. The King and Ossory. " Grant of the government of Kil- kenny, Tipperary, Waterford, Ossory, and Ormond, to Ossory, who engages to assist Skeffyngton, and the King's Deputy for the time being, to reduce Desmond, and to resist the Pope." [This indenture was executed on the day of the Earl of Ossory's departure from England, immediately Receding the commencement of the Geraldine Rebellion, ivhich broke out in June 1534. See Ware's History of Ireland, Henry VIII., pp. 89, 90.]
June 27. 15. Letters patent, granting to Thomas Stevyns the office of Con- stable of the Castle of Wicklow. Latin.
June. 16. Robert Cowley to Secretary Crumwell. " Outrages committed
by Lord Thomas Fitzgerald."
10
IRELAND— HENRY VIII.
1534. VOL' IL
July 9. 17. Thomas Oumwell to his loving friend Mr. Thomas Alen, at
London. Rayleigh. Trusted to have received from him at Midsummer last
the 1001. which of gentleness he lent him. The 700 marks which
Archbishop Alen owes to the King. Henry VIII. " is no person to
be deluded or mocked withal."
July 21. 18. Thomas Fynglas to Crumwell. " Fitzgerald's practices with Dublin. O'Conor."
August 26. 19. George Wilkynsone to same. His intention of going Crumweli's Ireland. His heart is ill at ease by the unracious demeanour of
• -p a
into
Crumwell to be a good master to his poor mother and to his father-in-law in their lawful pursuits.
August 30. 20. The King to the Mayor, &c. of Waterford. Understands Woodstock, how they have withstood the treason of Thomas Fitzgerald. Assures them he will send such power and succour to aid and maintain them, that the wretched traitor shall be extremely punished.
[August.] 21. Thomas Alen of Rayleigh to Crumwell. On having intelli- gence of the murder of his brother, the Archbishop of Dublin, for whom he was surety for many debts, implores assistance to liquidate them. Desires credence to Mr. Lentall and George Alen.
August.
Sept. 24
Chester.
Oct. 4.
Chester.
Nov. 8.
Dublin.
22. Same to same. Prays his assistance for the discharge of a debt which was owing by his late brother, the Archbishop of Dublin, to the Crown.
23. John Alen to same. Delay at Chester for the Lord Deputy's horses. Ships to transport Sir W. Brereton and Mr. Salis- bury.
24. Same to same. Dublin in danger."
" Skeffyngton tardy in sailing to Ireland.
Nov. 9.
Westminster.
25. H. Halgrave to Thomas Alen, of Rayleigh, in Essex. The pitiful death of his brother John, who was slain by the Earl of Kildare's eldest son, the 27th July [it was July 28 ?]. Hears from Mr. Trans- filde that he, Thomas Alen of Rayleigh, has been sore sick through the fall of a horse. Has been a captive from the beginning of July till Oct. 18, when he was ransomed for 50 marks of his own goods. The rebels took all the Archbishop's goods they could get ; and the part which was saved by his naughty steward, Mr. Win. Brabazon the King's Treasurer has seized, for the 200 marks to be paid at Christmas next. George Alen. Thomas Alen's wife.
The King to the Mayor, &c. of Waterford. Thanks for their resistance to Thomas Fitzgerald. Will remember them to all their comforts. [See above, 1534, August 30, No. 20.]
26. " Ordinances for the government of Ireland."
IRELAND— HENRY VIII.
11
VOL. II. 1534.
27. "Sentence of excommunication against Lord Thomas Fitz- gerald and his confederates, for the murder of Archbishop Alen."
28. A copy of the preceding document.
Dec. 26. 29. John Alen to Crumwell. " Proceedings of Fitzgerald, and Dublin. measures taken against him."
Dec. 26.
1535. Jan. 21.
Christchurch in Dublin.
30. Instructions for Edward Beck [or A Beck], sent to England with the above letter.
31. Remembrances for Ireland. Mention of the book of the Earl of Kildare's rents and tributes, which is with the Countess of Kildare. The Parliament to be summoned. O'Conor upon his pledges to re-edify Kisshavanna and other piles "prostrate" by him. O'More to suffer Woodstock and the manor of Athy to be repaired. M'MuiTOugh to re-edify the King's castle which he brake. Reve- nues of the Archbishoprick of Dublin to be called for, to the King's use &c.
1535.
32. Deposition of William Lynche, of the Knock, in the County of Meath, Gent. He paid a sum of money to Walter Hosey, of Mel- lussey, deceased, to the use of Thomas Fitzgerald, the traitor, for safeguard of himself, his castle, lands, and tenants. Thomas Fitz- gerald was ruled in his rebellion by Justice Delahide, Dame Janet Eustace, wife to Sir Walter Delahide, steward to Kildare, and her son James.
Feb. 1 0. 33. Edward Beck of Manchester to Crumwell. Has been driven Holyhcad. by bad weather back from the coast of Ireland. News from Dublin of Feb. 9, that the Lord Deputy and all the King's army are in good health, and lie abroad in the English Pale, so that the traitor Thomas Fitzgerald dares not show himself, and his power clearly goeth from him. They have Janet Eustace and her daughter both prisoners in the castle of Dublin. She has been the great causer of the insurrec- tion of Thomas Fitzgerald, and of her own son, James Delahide.
Feb. 1 5, 34. Brabazon to same. " Stations of the troops. Want of re- Dublin, venue." Incloses,
34. i. Piers Earl of Ossory to the Lord Deputy. His policy to allure the pretended Earls of Desmond to some good concord. The sending of his son, James Butler, with 60 horse to hold with the Deputy for a season against the rebels. The Earls of Desmond have a malicious rebellion rooted in them ever since the execution of Thomas Earl of Desmond at Drogheda. His costs in keeping his son-in-law [the son of O'Brien] in his allegiance. Has sent to M' William, of Clanricard, and Richard Burkes sons, who are his lovers and friends, to annoy the Kellies in their back side, if they attempt to go to Westmeath to aid the rebel, Thomas Fitzgerald, with the 160 horse, which they have prepared. Prays the Deputy to spare Sir John Sayntloo still longer. 1535, Jan. 17.
12
IRELAND — HENRY VIII.
VOL. II. 1535.
Feb. 20. 35. John Darcy to Crumwell. Has been far off on the borders of Dublin. Irishmen, where he was appointed to do the King service, and could not write nor well indite letters to Crumwell. Crumwell to write to Mr. Win. Brabazon ever to be good master to him as he is.
36. Sir William Skeffyngton to same. Desires that the treasure may be sent to Chester, where he will be before the ships do come " vppon the peyne of my lyfe as knowthe Jesus."
March 12. 37- James Boys to same. " All Kildare's effects were carried Dublin. away by his son Thomas Fitzgerald."
March 16. 38. Thomas Fitz Symon to same. The Lord Deputy, with the Dublin. King's army and the power of the country, are at the siege of Maynooth. As yet resistance is made against them by the ward. The country is sore oppressed by the holding of James Fitzgerald and Richard with Irish horsemen, whose service was never yet true to the King nor his subjects. Ever since we took Irishmen for our defence, we have never been well defended, which is the occasion that the English inhabitants are gone out of the land. Wishes the King would send for a time, a hundred or • a half of Northern spears, and Mr. Bowmer [Bulmer], who was here before and knows the country.
March 26. 39. Lord Deputy Skeffyngton and Council to the King. " Siege Maynooth. and capture of Maynooth. Prisoners taken, tried, and executed."
March 26. 40. Abstract of a journal of the operations of the forces under the command of Lord Deputy Sir William Skeffyngton, and Sir William Brereton, during the rebellion of Lord Thomas Fitzgerald.
April 10. 41. Walter Harbartt to Crumwell. Explains the circumstances Cardiff Castle, under which Robert Clere, a man of Waterford, captain of a ship transporting corn for supply of the King's army in Ireland, had been stayed at Cardiff. Scarcity of corn in Wales.
April 30. 42. Skeffyngton to the King. " Vindicates himself against the Maynooth. charge of supineness. The Desmonds. Difficulty in taking Fitz-
gerald.
Charge against Archbishop Cromer."
May 10.
Maynooth.
43. Lord Deputy Skeffyngton and Council to Crumwell. Com- mend the prowess of the bearer, Anthony Mores, for faithful service, with 17 others, servants of the Prior of Kilmainham. The said Mores boldly went out of the gates of Dublin, and with his own hand slew divers of the rebel's best footmen.
May 15.
44. Thomas Agard to same. At his coming to Chester, he Khuddian in « mett with Talbott's servant, which is in the Fleete/' with letters *n*'0 Irel°nd- Things of small effect were in them. He also met with Leonard Skeffyngton, and Powell, the Treasurer's servant. Mr. Poulet has brought over 20 hobbies, and Thomas [Fitzgerald, the Earl of] Kildare's wife. Will depart with the first wind into Ireland.
IRELAND — HENRY VIII.
13
1535. May 17.
Dublin.
May 18.
Dublin.
June 16. Dublin.
VOL. II.
45. Roger Beverlaye, priest, to Secretary Crumwell. Offers to Crumwell his pension out of the abbey of Tilty, in Essex, and the bonds for its payment, which are forfeited, and prays to be placed in a benefice. Sent a book of the acts of " Bartilmew Fitzgerald, yl was the confusion of my Lord." Knows who stole the late Archbishop Alen's goodly cross of gold, with a great pearl heart thereat.
46. Roger Beverlaye, clerk, late of Tilty, to same. Many get good benefices who can pay for them. Offers an annuity of 10£. out of Tilty to Crumwell, and begs for clerical preferment in England.
47. Lord Deputy Skeffyngton and Council to the King. Send over John Alen the Master of the Rolls and Gerald Aylmer the Chief Baron of the Exchequer, with Acts for the next Parliament. They can declare the state of the land, and the successes obtained.
June 1 6. 48. Extract of the above.
June 16. Dublin.
June 16.
June 30.
Kinsale.
June.
June.
July 27.
Beaumaris.
49. Lord Deputy and Council to Crumwell. "Alen and Aylmer sent to England with bills for the Parliament."
50. Articles or heads of Acts to be passed by the Parliament o± Ireland " for the King's advantage, and for the common weal of the land and reformation."
51. Philip Roche, Merchant, of Kinsale, to Crumwell. Has sent two falcons and three " merlons," and a sparrowhawk and two grey- hounds, with Davy Shihan, as a present to Crumwell. Prays his help to get the patent of Kinsale renewed, and to have the King's gift of the cocket to maintain the walls of Kinsale. [The same patent was sent last year by the Council and Commons of Kinsale.']
52. John Bowes to same. Mr. Aylmer and Mr. Alen have already threatened him either to be sent to the Fleet or the Tower of London, or else with gyves to the castle of Dublin. Prays Crumwell to examine Mr. Leonard Skeffyngton, Mr. Fynglas, Mr. Denman, Robert Powell [Apowell], More, Mr. Cowley, Savage, and Lawrence, Mr. Brabazon's servant, who are now here, upon their " holydom othe," whether the charges he has brought against the said Aylmer and Alen be not true, and ten times as much more.
53. Ossory to Walter Cowley. " Instructions for his communicating with the King on various Irish affairs."
54. Aylmer, Chief Baron of the Exchequer, and Alen, to Crum- well. " Slackness of the troops. Brabazon has discomfited Fitz- gerald's partizans." Inclose,
54. i. William Brabazon to Aylmer and Alen. The distressed state of the County of Kildare. Begs them to bring money to fur- nish 500 kerne. June 23, Kildare.
14 IRELAND — HENRY VIII.
1535.
August 15. 55. Lord Leonard Gray to Crumwell. " Has arrived in Ireland. Naas. Brabazon has attacked Fitzgerald, who was taken with some of his party, but escaped again."
August 17. 56. Lord Deputy Skeffyngton to the King. " Peace with O'Neill. Maynooth. Proposes an expedition against O'Conor. Plague in Ireland."
Incloses,
56. i. Articles concluded with Gillespik Macdonyll, on the part of Con O'Neill, by which O'Neill agrees to surrender himself and his lands to the King and become a good and faithful subject. Con- firmed by O'Neill on July 25. July 1, Maynooth. Latin.
56. n. Skeffyngton and O'Neill. " Indenture of submission." July 26, Drogheda. Latin. [This is not the original inclosure, which is now in the Lambeth library, Vol. 603, p. 128, but is a transcript.']
August 21. 57. Aylmer and Alen to Crumwell. " Military proceedings against Naas. Fitzgerald and O'Conor. Illness of Skeffyngton. They press that Lord L. Gray may be appointed Lord Deputy. Trymleteston has delivered up the Great Seal."
August. 58. Same to same "Trymleteston is going to England. Alen disclaims all wish for the Great Seal. Chief Justice Thomas Fynglas displaced. Recommend that Skeffyngton be superseded, and Gray appointed as Deputy.
August. 59. Lord Thomas Fytz Gerald to Gray. " Offers to surrender upon terms."
August 27. 60. The Council of Ireland to the King, " Surrender of O'Conor
The Camp, and Fitzgerald. Lord L. Gray will convey the latter to England.
Lord Butler stays in Ireland. Anxious for Gray's return.
Sept. 9. 61. Norfolk to Crumwell. " Miscellaneous matters. His opinion Keninghaii. respecting the treatment of Fitzgerald."
Sept. 10. 62. Brabazon Treasurer of War to same. " Recommends all the Fitzgeralds to be got rid of. The banishment of the Tholes [Tooles], the Byrnes, and the Kavanaghs, the recall of Skeffyngton, and the removal of the Lord Chancellor. Plague."
63. Remembrances for Mr. Secretary Crumwell for the examination of Lord Thomas Fitzgerald.
Oct. 1. 64. The King to the Mayor and Inhabitants of Waterford. Thanks Grafton. for their loyalty. Advises them that he has sent a sufficient army to repress the rebels.
Oct. 1. 65. Note of the arms of Waterford.
IRELAND — HENRY VIII.
15
1535. [Oct.]
Oct. 6.
Waterforcl.
Oct. 10.
Oct. 14.
Ennis.
Oct. 16.
Maynooth.
Oct. 17.
Waterford.
Oct.
Nov.
Nov. ?
Dec. 14.
Kilkenny.
1535.
VOL. II.
66. The King to Skeffyngton. " Qualified thanks for the capture of Fitzgerald. Will not recall Skeffyngton."
67. Stephen Ap Parry to Crumwell. " Narrative of Lord Jaines Butler's expedition to Dungarvan, Youghal, Cork, Mallow, Limerick, Cashel, and Clonmel. Interviews with Sir Thomas Butler, M'Shane, James and John of Desmond, Cormac Oge M'Carthy, Lord Bany, young M'Carthy Reagh, and Donough O'Brien."
68. Indenture of John Alen, Master of the Rolls, acknowledging to have received from Secretary Thomas Crumwell, patents of crea- tion for Thomas Eustace and Sir Richard Power to Tbe Barons of Parliament. A commission for holding a Parliament. An Act to make the King Supreme Head of the Church, &c.
69. O'Brien to the King. " Excuses himself for having harboured Fitzgerald, and concealed his mission of Delahide to the Emperor/'
70. Skeffyngton to the same. " Capture of Dungarvan Castle."
71. Lord James Butler to Crumwell. "Has been to Youghal, Cork, and Limerick. Does not like to be his own herald/'
72. John Gostwyke's account of expenses of the wars in Ireland, and for conveying Lord Thomas Fitzgerald to the Tower of London, in October 1535.
73. The King to Skeffyngton. " Orders monthly Musters to be taken, Advices to be written by the Council and Deputy conjointly. Army to be reduced. Neil More O'Neill to be excluded from Louth. Return to be made of forfeited lands. Lord Leonard Gray reap- pointed Marshal."
74. Names of persons to be apprehended as being engaged in the Geraldine rebellion.
75. Robt. Cowley to Crumwell. Returns thanks for being ap- pointed Customer of Dublin for life. To write to the Chancellor to seal his patent.
76. Act of the Parliament of Ireland for the recovery of records ascertaining the King's title to lands in " the Earldoms of March, Ulster, the lordship of Trim, and Connaught," which had been em- bezzled. 1494, December. [Copy. Indorsed, "Petition of the Commons of the Parliament in Ireland, touching the embezzling of records of the King's lands."]
16
IRELAND— HENRY VIII.
1536. Jan. 2.
Clomnel.
Jan.
Jan. 5.
Dublin.
Jan. 26. Dublin.
Jan. 26.
Dublin.
Jan. 26.
[Dublin.]
Jan. 28.
Dublin.
Feb. 12.
Dublin.
Feb. 14.
Dublin.
Feb. 14.
Dublin.
Feb. 18.
Dublin.
Vol. III. 1536.
1536.
1. Lord Ossory, &c. to Crumwell. " State of Leinster. The Byrnes, Tooles, and Kavanaghs. O'Donnell and his sou. O'Reilly. Neil More O'Neill. Maynooth/'
2. Same to same. " Disclaim all enmity against Brabazon."
3. Proposals submitted to Secretary Crumwell, for the pacification of Ireland and suppression of rebellion ; to put the greater part of the Geraldines to death, except James Fitzgerald and Richard his brother, confiscating the whole Earldom of Kildare to the King's use.
4. Thomas Lord Dacre to Crumwell. He was arrested on the arrival of Leonard Lord Gray, and his demeanour examined, but he had done his duty. His service as Captain of Northern spears in the King's army. His poor kinsman, Richard Dacres, imprisoned with irons on his arms and legs. Mr. Agard, Crumwell's servant, removed the irons from him.
5. Anne Lady Skeffyngton to Queen Anne Boleyn.
assistance."
Asks
6. Same to Crumwell. Her husband, Sir William, died Dec. 31. Without the King's pity she and all her children are utterly undone. Desires to be allowed her petition.
7. Articles of petition for Anne Lady Skeffyngton, to be shown to Mr. Secretary : — To be allowed the stipend due to her late husband as well in England as in Ireland. Four teams of great cart horses. Desires to be transported home, with servants.
8. Piers Butler Earl of Ossory to the King. " Complains that Skeffyngton, when at Dungarvan, would not attack O'Brien's bridge. Asks for the seneschalship of Dungarvan."
9. Wm. Brabazon to Crumwell. To give thanks from the King's Grace to the Mayor, &c., of Waterford, for their good entertainment of the King's soldiers, and for their attention shown to Brabazon's letters. William Wyse, the King's servant in Waterford, has been always prone and ready.
10. Council of Ireland to the King. Give an account of the apprehension of the five brothers of the Earl of Kildare. The Lord Deputy has sent them to England under the charge of the Master of the Rolls and the Chief Justice.
11. Same to Crumwell. "Five Fitzgeralds taken and sent pri- soners to England."
12. Anne Lady Skeffyngton to same. Complains of being greatly troubled, vexed, and hindered many ways by Lord Leonard Gray, who detained her goods, intercepted her letters to the King and him, and arrested the ships she had hired.
IRELAND— HENRY VIII.
17
1536. Feb. 20. Greenwich.
Feb. 23.
Trim.
March 1.
Clonmel.
VOL. III.
The King to the Mayor and Citizens of Waterford. Sends a Bearing Sword to be borne from time to time before the Mayor. [See paper placed 1535, Oct. 1., Vol. ii., No. 64.]
13. Lord Deputy Gray to the King. " Has received his patent as Lord Deputy, and another for holding a Parliament/'
14. Piers Butler, Earl of Ossory, to Crumwell. Has sent four dozen of " martrone skynnes " to Robert Cowley, to be presented to Crumwell.
15. Matthew Kyng to same. To write letters in his favour to
Would like the constableship of Harloghe or of
March 2.
Chester. the Lord Deputy. Arkelowe.
March 16.
YoughaJ.
March 22.
"Waterford.
April 28. Greenwich.
16. Mayor and Council of Youghal to same. Request him to see them provided. Pray for a supply of ordnance and powder to protect them against the rebels.
17. Thomas Fokes to same. " Sir John of Desmond, by the aid of O'Brien, has obtained great part of the Earldom."
1 8. The King to the town of Galway. " Requires them not to sell victual or merchandise but in market towns ; to shave their lips, let their hair grow over their ears, and wear caps ; to wear the English dress ; to shoot with the long bow, and leave unlawful games ; to learn English ; to administer justice ; not to allow sanc- tuary ; not to succour the King's enemies ; not to forestall Limerick market." [Signed by stamp.]
19. Modern copy of the preceding orders.
20. Walter Cowley to his father, Robert Cowley (in London). " Sir John of Desmond disturbs Munster, and seeks a connexion with Ossory. He commends James of Desmond. Brabazon has overrun M'Murrough."
The King to the Mayor, &c. of Waterford. Thanks for their fidelity and letters by the bearer, Wm. Wyse. Sends a Cap of Main- tenance to be borne before the Mayor. [See paper placed, 1534, Aug. 30, Vol. ii., No. 20.]
21. Clause of the Act of Absentees, 28 Hen. VIII. cap. 3, naming the several persons of England who hold lands in Ireland. Also clause of an Act for the revocation of an Act made 7 Edw. IV., for the legitimation of Edmund and Theobald Butler, sons to James Butler, with a proviso that the same shall not be prejudicial to the indentures tripartite bearing date 1528, Feb. 18.
22. " Pour" Leonard Gray to Crumwell. " Parliament is sitting. Scots landed in Ireland. O'Neill professes friendship, but is sus- pected. Entreats Crumwell not to heed the malignant surmises of false tongues." [This is the first instance in 'which the Lord Deputy signs'' pour" Leonard Gray: it occurs frequently afterwards.]
May 10 ? 23. Aylmer and Alen to same. Recommend the suits of Richard Savage, who was robbed in the rebellion ; and of John Garret, whose things the army had for their relief in Lambay.
I
April 28. April 29.
•fl aterford.
April 30.
Greenwich.
May 1.
May 7. Dublin.
18
IRELAND— HENRY VIII.
1536. May 16.
Dublin.
May 20.
Chester.
May 21.
Dublin.
VOL. III.
24. Thomas Stephyns, Mayor of Dublin, to the Duke of Norfolk, John Tomer has not obtained the office of Swordbearer of the city of Dublin, which was granted last Michaelmas to one who did good service in the time of the rebellion of Thomas Fitzgerald. Prays Norfolk to intercede with the King to have respect to the great ruin, losses, and decay of Dublin. To thank Crumwell for his goodness to the writer. Mr. Brabazon is an honest gentleman. Robert Casey, Norfolk's old servant, sues for a further interest in his office of searcher and ganger of Dublin. Great dearth. Money scant.
25. J. Alen to Crumwell. Had arrived at Chester on the 13th of May. It is reported in Ireland that lie and Chief Justice Aylmer are in the Tower.
26. Gray to same. "Dyrrham, returned from Spain, taken and executed. Has refused leave of absence to Lord Treasurer Butler and Lord Delvin. Bespeaks Cruin well's good offices, in case of com- plaints against him. Lack of money. Parliament still sitting."
Incloses,
26. i. Examination of John Dyrrham.
26. II. Note of certain apparel belonging to the late Earl of Kildare, to Thomas Fitzgerald, and to the Countess of Kildare.
[May 22.] 27. Petition of the Mayor and Citizens of Dublin to the King. The ruin sustained in breaking their towers, bridges, houses, and the leads of the conduits of the water in the late siege by the Geraldines. The city is holden in fee-farm for 200 marks yearly. Pray for the continuance of an allowance of 46Z. for murage, pavage, and other necessaries. Pray for six falcons, one for every of the six gates, with 4 lasts of gunpowder.
28. James Lord Butler Viscount Thurles, Lord Treasurer, to Crum- well. To be good to the bearer, who had been Mayor of Dublin, and had done well in defending Dublin against Thomas Fitzgerald.
29. Gray to the King. Has received his gracious letters by the Chief Justice and Master of the Bolls. Expresses great fidelity and attachment.
May 29. 30. Sir John Whyte, Knt., to Crumwell. Prays to be restored to such lands as the Earl of Kildare had wrongfully kept from him. Also to have commission to take up corn for the expense of Dublin Castle.
May. 31. George Browne Archbishop Elect of Dublin to same Prays
for his aid concerning his departure for Ireland. His charges and expenses diversly laid out. Hears Mr. Agard is despatched with favour. It would have been better for Browne never to have been named than thus utterly to be shamed.
June 1. 32. Deputy Gray and Council to the King. Arrival of the Chief
Dublin. Justice and Master of the Kolls. 7,000£. insufficient to discharge the
arrears of the army. Recommend that a commission should be
directed to the Deputy and others for the pardon of the adherents of
the Earl of Kildare and the Geraldines upon reasonable fines.
May 22.
Dublin.
May 29.
Dublin.
IRELAND— HENRY VIII.
19
1536. June 1.
Dublin.
June 1. Dublin.
[June.] June 3.
June 3.
June 3.
June 7.
Dublin.
June 10.
Dublin.
June 10.
Chester.
June 24.
Kilmainham,
VOL. III.
33. Lord Deputy and Council of Ireland to Crumwell. " Want of money prevents them from repelling John of Desmond and O'Brien, and obliges them to adjourn the Parliament to Kilkenny, against the 25th of July. Acts passed. Eecommend a discretionary power of pardoning the Geraldines, and that none of those in England be suffered to return."
34. Lord Chancellor John Barnewall and Council of Ireland to same. " Praise Gray's conduct and disclaim all dissension."
35. R. Cowley to same. " The state of Ireland. Plan for re- ducing it to obedience in the ensuing spring."
36. Memorandum, in Wriothesley's handwriting, of letters from the King and Mr Secretary Crumwell, by Cowley, to the Lord Deputy, and by Edmund Sexten, to the Irish Lords.
37. Crumwell to the Deputy and Council. " Answer to Brabazon's letter of May 17. The King wishes the Act of Succession to be postponed. Sends Body for information respecting the Irish revenue. Has restored the temporalities of the See of Dublin from Michaelmas last."
38. Instructions to William Body, sent on a special mission into Ireland, to induce the Lord Deputy and Council to use every effort to increase the King's revenues in that country.
39. Sir Francis Harbart to Crumwell. Peace with the bordering Irishry. The Lord Deputy intends to set forward towards O'Brien the 25th of July. O'Brien is supported by the Desmonds and Geraldines. Want of pay. Reminds Crumwell that he said at their second interview, — if he died in his Prince's service, he died in the service of God ; and if he lived doing his Prince service, that he needed not to doubt but that he should thereby be made a man Hopes for reward.
40. Walter Cowley to same. State of Ireland. Has been handled roughly for his truth. Heat of the furies between Agard, and Alen and Aylmer. Ossory, the Lord Treasurer Butler, the Bishop of Meath, and my Lord of Kilmainham [Sir John Rawson], directed letters to Crumwell, which were delivered to Robert Case [Casey], to be conveyed to England, but were opened by the Lord Deputy Gray. The possessions and profits now acquired in this Parliament will draw to a good sum. A general reformation to be set about next year.
41. Matthew Kyng to same. One of the retinue of the late Lord Deputy Skeffyngton, whose name is Thomas Canon, arrived from Ireland this day, without passport. Prays Crumwell not to believe him till the truth may be known. Tames for wind.
42. Gray to the King. Interview with O'Neill. M'Gilpatrick is at war with O'More. Gray has provided victuals, lime, masons, and carriage, intending to re-edify the castle and bridge of A thy, and the manor of Woodstock. Mentions,
B 2
20
IRELAND— HENEY VIII.
1536.
42. i. Peace and concord between Lord Leonard Gray and Con O'Neill., whereby O'Neill agrees to serve the King against all rebels and enemies. O'Neill confirms the articles formerly entered into with Sir* W. Skeffyngton. June 15, Dundalk. [See 1535, August 175 Vol. ii., No. 56, Inclosure II.]
June 24. 43. Gray to Crum well. " Agard arrived with money. Peace with Kilmainham. O'Neill. The Geraldines. O'Brien. O'Conor. O'More. M'Gil-
patrick. Is hurt at having received no thanks from the King.
Complains of false accusations against him."
June 24. 44. John Barnewall, Lord of Trymleteston, Chancellor, and the
Kilmainham. Council of Ireland to same. Vindicate the Lord Deputy Gray
from the calumnious reports of Lady Skeffyngton, and her son-in-law,
Anthony Colly. Colly set at liberty after having been committed
to the Marshal's ward.
June 26. 45. Prior and Convent of St. Wolstan's, in Ireland, to same, Monastery of Pray him to move the King that their monastery may stand, and ' no{. ^ suppressed. Eeport that it was intended for Alen, the Master of the Kolls.
St. Wolstan's.
June 26.
Dublin.
46. Lord Deputy Gray and Council to the King. " Kecommend the granting of the forfeited lands, and the conquest of M'Mur- rough, O'Murroughoe [O'Murphy], O'Byrne, O'Toole, and their kinsmen inhabiting between Dublin and Wexford."
June 30. 47. Council of Ireland to Crumwell. " The army mutinous for Dublin. non-payment of their wages."
June 30. 48. Vice Treasurer Brabazon to same. " Murmuration" amongst the Northernmen of the army for want of pay. The rebellion quelled with much difficulty. Requests to be supplied with money. Captain Anthony Colly's good service.
June.
49. Remembrance for Mr. Secretary [Crumwell], for settling the Earl of Desmond's lands, dividing them into shires, appointing escheators and paying rents to the King. [This was probably in consequence of the death of Sir John of Desmond. See 1536, June 19, State Papers, Vol. ii., p. 333, note.'}
July 1.
Chester.
July 12.
Waterford.
July 16. Beaumanor.
July 17.
Dublin.
50. William Body to Secretary Crumwell. to carry him over from Holyhead.
Has engaged a ship
51. William Wyse to Lord Crumwell. " The troops are in spirits at being paid. Gray at Femes. Has repulsed the Desmonds and O'Briens, who have defied Ossory. Roche, Barry, and Teig Oge M'Carthy. O'More and M'Gilpatrick at peace."
52. Elizabeth Countess of Kildare to same, son Edward."
" Disposal of her
53. Anthony Colly to same. In favour of the bearer Richard Wheytley, who had served well as a soldier in the retinue of the late Lord Deputy Sir William Skeffyngton.
IRELAND— HENRY VIII,
21
1536.
July 17.
Dublin.
VOL. III.
54. Wm. Body to Crumwell. " Has reached Dublin, and means to accompany the Lord Deputy Gray and his army. Brabazon is to remain near Dublin."
July 19. 55. George Browne Archbishop of Dublin, to the Lord Privy Seal Dublin. Crumwell. Arrived at Dublin with Mr. Body, on Saturday, July 15.
August 1. 56. Anne Lady Skeffyngton to same. " Body has restored Dublin. her goods, but they have been seized by the Lord Deputy for a debt to the Crown. Prays assistance and a loan/'
August 9. 57. Ossory and some of the Council to same. " James Fitz- Limerick. John of Desmond has proclaimed himself Earl, and joined O'Brien. Parliament adjourned to Limerick. The army marched to Cashel. Gray takes Desmond's castle of Lough Gur ; is joined by Donough O'Brien; takes Carrickogonel, and loses it by treachery; takes O'Brien's bridge ; marches to Limerick. They commend Gray's activity and pains. Army disquieted on account of wages,"
August 9. 58. John Alen, Master of the Rolls, to the Lord Crumwell, In Limerick, favour of his brother, Thomas Alen, to be attendant upon Crumwell. Cromwell's goodness to the three Alens.
August 9. 59. William Body to same. Reports the proceedings of the Limerick, expedition into Munster, under the command of Lord Deputy Gray. Piers Earl of Ossory and Lord James Butler. Castle Lokkere [Lough Gur ?] taken by the Lord Treasurer Butler July 31 . Carrickogonel (or in English Candle Rock), delivered up to the Lord Deputy by Matthew O'Brien, on August 2. O'Brien's bridge, being fifteen score paces in length, is broken down with bills, swords, and daggers, with great labour for lack of pickaxes and crows. Unwillingness of the Lord Deputy, the Master of the Rolls, and the Chief Justice to procure some honest aid to be levied amongst the subjects. The Master of the Rolls never speaketh as he thinketh, nor thinketh as he speaketh.
August 9. 60. A remembrance of the Lord Deputy's band, and of such Irish- men as repaired to him, with the number of their men.
August 10. 61. Lord Deputy Gray to the King. Account of the capture of Limerick. O'Brien's bridge, with the fortifications.
August 10. Limerick.
62. Same to Crumwell. " Further details."
August 10. 63. Edmund Sexten, Mayor of Limerick, to same. The Deputy Limerick. js wjf,h the army in Limerick. Has endeavoured to assist him all he could. Prays him to have his suits in remembrance.
August 11. 64. Patrick Barnewall to same. "Expects O'Brien soon to Limerick, be at peace. James of Desmond has offered his service. Brabazon is building Powerscourt, &c. Duties of his office as Prime Serjeant."
22
IRELAND — HENRY VIII.
, -Q£ VOL. III.
Io36.
August 19. 65. Lord Deputy Gray to the King. " Makes a favourable report
In the field, near of his army." Lough Gur.
August 19. 66. Same to Crumwell. Account of the taking of a strong castle Lough Gur. called Carrickogoiiel, belonging to O'Brien. Faults of Edmund Sexten, the Mayor of Limerick.
August 22. Cashel.
August.
London.
August.
August.
August.
Sept.
Sept. Oct. 4.
Dublin.
Oct. 6.
Dublin.
Oct. 10.
Namptwich.
67. The Council of Ireland to Crumwell. " Carrig-o-gunnell again taken ; the garrison put to death ; the castle committed to Ossory and Butler. O'Brien will not recognize the King. James of Desmond offered to deliver his two sons as hostages for his good behaviour, and to abide the decision of the Lord Deputy and Council as to the Earldom, but has gone off. Compact between O'Brien and Desmond. The army will not invade O'Brien unless paid their wages. Lough Gur abandoned. Parliament adjourned to Dublin/'
68. Rob. Cowley to same. " Death of the Duke of Richmond ; its effects on the Irish Parliament. Crumwell's Vicegerency in ecclesiastical causes. Prosecution of papists. James Fitz John of Desmond. Apprehension of Gerald Fitzgerald, James Delahide, &c. Ordnance. Chancellor of Ireland."
69. Petition of Robert Apowell to same : — Complains of the prepensed malice of Thomas Agard, who accused him of having robbed his master of all the King's treasure.
70. Articles by Robert Apowell against John Alen. Alen's boast that he would bring Mr. Treasurer Brabazon to his account before Easter, to his confusion. He said the Vice Treasurer had cast the King's money away by handfuls. Alen sends over his brother Thomas with letters and credit to the King. William Oclyfe, servant to the late Deputy Skeffyngton, had to give 40s. to Stephen Ap Harry, and a doublet cloth of crimson satin. The said Stephen hath a fleece of all poor men that come from Ireland.
71. Style and titles of Henry Fitz-Roy, Duke of Richmond and Somerset, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, natural son to Henry VIII.
72. Minute for various instructions to Ireland : — " Effect of the Duke of Richmond's death ; Earldoms of March and Ulster ; Lady Sentleger ; offices ; the Treasurer ; forfeited lands ; fines."
73. Copy of the preceding.
74. Robt. Cowley to Crumwell. "Acts for resumption of the King's customs ; for suppression of religious houses ; for granting a twentieth to the King. Patrick Barnewall very adverse. Judges' fees. Asks for the farm of Holmpatrick."
75. J. Alen to the King. " Suggests a plan for completing the reduction of the Irishry."
76. Edward Dudeley to Crumwell. " Disappointment at Brereton's objection."
IRELAND — HENRY VIII.
23
1536.
Oct. 14. 77. Rob. Cowley to Crumwell. Divers profitable lands which the Dublin. Earl of Kildare had, are concealed from the King. Crumwell to ex- amine Thomas Fitzgerald, to learn where the fair book " registrall " is, which was written on parchment by Philip Flattisbury, and contains all the evidences of the said Earl's inheritances. There are too many Captains in the army ; they will remain in good towns making riot, and suffer the Deputy and the Treasurer to lie in the fields.
Oct. 23. 78. Sir John Whyte to same. Eecommends the bearer John Dublin. Browne for his good services done when Dublin Castle was besieged by the traitor Thomas Fitzgerald.
Oct. 29.
Dublin.
Oct. 31.
Kilmainham.
Oct. 31.
Iviliiuiiiiliuiu.
Oct. Nov. 23.
Ivilmuinham.
Nov. 23.
Dublin.
Nov. 24.
Dublin.
79. The Lord Deputy and Council to the King. " Parliament prorogued. The inhabitants of the English Pale very poor. Re- commend that Ossory and his son should be induced to let the revenue be levied in Kilkenny, Tipperary, Wexford, and Waterford. Reduction of the army. Reformation of Leinster between Dublin and Waterford."
80. Gray to the same. Desires to be allowed to select the army to be retained on the reduced establishment. His power and profits as Deputy are improperly abridged.
81. Gray to Crumwell. "Cannot effectually serve the King with- out greater confidence being placed in him. Complains of Brabazon's interference, and of Agard, Pole, Cusake, and W. Cowley."
The view of the account of William Brabazon, Treasurer of the King's army. [Ireland, Folios, Vol. i., No. 1.]
82. Gray to Crumwell. " Defends himself against various charges."
83. Lord Deputy and Council to same. " Reduction of the army. Enterprise for next year. Reformation of Leinster. Charges of suppressing the late rebellion. Want of money. Names of muti- neers. No dissension in the Council. Desmond, Lady Skef- fyngton."
84. Gray and Council to the King. Reduction made in the army. Project for reducing Leinster to obedience.. No dissension in the Council.
" The causes of jealousy in the Council.
Nov. 24. 85. Copy of the above.
Nov. 24. 86. Gray to Crumwell. Kilmainham. Body. Brabazon."
[1536.] 87. Extent of the abbeys and religious houses within the English Pale, with the money they may expend annually.
1536. 88. Note of the five shires in Ireland [Dublin, Meath, Uriell,
Kildare, and Catherlagh], which should be obedient to the King. Names of the Irish chieftains who have the greatest influence in them.
24
IRELAND— HENRY VIII.
1536.
[The Tower.] 89. Lord Thomas Fytz Gerald [tenth Earl of Kildare] to his servant John Eothe. " Wishes him to get 20L from O'Brien on his plate."
in prison. [The Tower.]
Nov.
90. Same to O'Brien. To send him 201. on the plate he has in g custody, by the bearer John Rothe. Begs of him not to break
or square with the Lord Deputy, but rather agree with him.
91. John Garett, Waterman, to Mr. Secretary. Begs to be libe- rated from prison. He " never thowght hurt nor yett never spake hurt that ever shulde towche the Kyng's nobyll Grace nor yett none of his lege pepyll." Has lived 26 years in Chancery Lane. Indorsed, " Bicardus Garet, Waterman."
92. Thomas Alen to Crumwell. He wears a cere-cloth on his arm, which is the cause he does not wait.
93. Thomas Alen to same. Has had a pain in his arm for two months, and could not come to see him. Lacks money.
94. Note how to bring Ireland into good subjection, being remembrances to be declared by Master Body to Crumwell.
1537.
Jan. 24.
Dublin.
Jan. 29.
Colly weston.
Jan.
Feb. 4.
Dublin.
Feb. 4.
Dublin.
VOL. IV. 1537, JANUARY — JULY.
1. Vice-Treasurer W. Brabazon to Crumwell. In favour of the bearer George Woodward, " an honeste and a bardie man."
2. Dame Anne SkefFyngton to same. Her suit for money due from the King to her late husband for certain matters in Ireland. Beseeches him to procure from the King her pardon for certain debts owing by her late husband, there being proclamations and writs of outlawry issued against her.
3. The King to the House of Commons in Ireland. " Asks for a benevolence from the laity."
4. Lord Deputy Gray to the King. Conference with James Fitz John, the claimant to the Earldom of Desmond. Recommends that his claims should be allowed. Power of the Earl of Ormond, and the Butler family.
5. Gray to Crumwell. " Transmits articles of submission prof- fered by James Fitz-John of Desmond and the Lord Deputy's answer. Desmond is afraid of Lord Butler. Parliament. The Commons astounded by the rumour of Thomas Fitzgerald's return ; they and the Spiritualty are averse to pass anything. Prorogation until May 1. Army unpaid. Gray lame." Incloses,
5. i. Declaration of James Fitz-John, Earl of Desmond, to the inhabitants ofMunster. He ivill restore any goods taken wrongfully, since he became Earl of Desmond. 1536', Dec. 7.
IRELAND — HENRY VIII.
25
1537.
VOL. IV.
5. IT. Proffers of the Earl of Desmond. He will do the King true service ; will be ready to go to all hostings, at the Lord Deputy's call; ^vill make restitution of all goods and chattels taken by violence ; will do right to James Fitzmaur ice's challenge to the Earldom of Desmond ; will put his pledges into the hands of the Mayor of Limerick 1536, Dec.
5. in. James Earl of Desmond to Gray. Readiness to serve the King. He never intended to offend, although he had suffered much wrong. He will put in pledges on receiving the King's par- don. Dec. 17, Loghgyr [Lough Gur~\.
5. iv. Lord Deputy Gray to James Fitz John Earl of Desmond. Sets forth the misery of Munster through the conduct of the Des- monds. Will be mediator to the King for his pardon. Dec. 28, Maynooth. *
6. Lord Deputy and Council to the King. " Reduction, of Leinster."
7. The Council of Ireland to the same. " Memorial for the •win- ning of Leinster."
8. Gray to Crumwell. " Sends by the bearer a copy of the pre- ceding memorial, which is to be engrossed and sent to the King and Council, by the Lord Butler."
9. Lord Deputy and Council to same. Their opinion that the army should be employed to reduce Leinster to obedience.
Feb. 20. 10. Prebendaries of St. Patrick's church of Dublin to same. [St. Patrick's.] Have received his letters for the preferment of Sir Edward Basnet to the deanery of their church, on its next becoming vacant.
Feb. 10.
Dublin.
Feb.
Feb. 10.
Feb. 10.
Dublin.
Feb. 25.
Feb. 25.
March 1.
Dublin.
11. The King to the Lord Deputy and Council. "Intends send- ing a trusty person to Ireland to ascertain its state. Expenses. Stewards and receivers. Treasurer not to go to war. Fines on pardons. Officers to execute their duties in person. Officers' fees. Suppression of monasteries."
12. The same to the Treasurer Brabazon. Thanks for his service against the rebels. Directs him to attend in future to his civil duties, and not to engage in military affairs.
13. "W. Brabazon to Crumwell. diligent service in the King's affairs.
In favour of the bearer for
March 10. 14. Gray to Crumwell. Refers to the verbal report of Richard Kilmainham. Hough for answer to the letter brought by V7alter Cowley.
March. 15. Thomas Fookes to the Lord James Butler. Touching arecom- [Prob. London.] mendation of Thomas Kyng to the writer's lord and master [Crum- well]. Thomas Kyng has done right good service in O'Conor's country, where he was sore hurt. \_Folces was at Waterford on March 22, 1536. Gray says they would send a book to the King by the Lord Butler, Feb. 10, 1537; but did he go ?]
26
IRELAND — HENRY VIII.
1537.
April 10. 16. Gray and Brabazon to Crumwell. Received the King's let- Dublin, ters on Easter-day. Have summoned the Council. Request that money may be sent for the discharge of the army.
April 20. 17. Lord Deputy and Council to the King. " Answer to the Dublin. despatch of Feb. 25."
April 20. 18. Same to Crumwell. To the same effect as the above letter Dublin. to the King.
April 27. 19. Dame Anne Skeffyngton to Crumwell. Prays for a lease of Colly weston. Loddyngton, co. Leicester, lately granted to Crumwell. Prays to be released from her husband's debts.
April 29. 20. Gray, Brabazon, J. Alen, and Aylmer to same. " Corn- Dublin, plain of coldness in the King and Crumwell. Caution him against being lulled into security by the absence of the Geraldines. Charac- ters of the gentry within the English Pale. Treatment of Ossory and his son, who want the Earldom of Ormond and the lands belonging to it. Recommend they should have the honour, but not the lands."
April 29. 21. Vice Treasurer William Brabazon to Wriothesley. Thanks for Dublin. his kindness. Trusts to see him in England. The Councillors now in England will declare the state of Ireland.
April 30. 22. Lord Deputy Gray and the majority of the Council to Crum- Dublin. well. Assure him that the accusation of the Archbishop of Dublin against Mr. Vice Treasurer W. Brabazon, of fraud and peculation, has not been substantiated by the Archbishop.
May 18. 23. Gray and Brabazon to same. " Parliament prorogued. Dublin. The Spiritualty froward. Coin. The Geraldines. O'Conor at war."
May 25.
Dublin.
May 26.
May 28.
June 11. Dublin.
24. Thomas Stephyns to the Duke of Norfolk. On Tuesday next, the Lord Deputy maketh forward with a hosting upon O'Conor. The bearer, the Bishop of Kildare's Chaplain, desires a letter from the King or Crumwell to the Lord Deputy and Council, that the House of Conall, which is united to the Bishoprick, should not be suppressed. The Mayor and others of Dublin intend to send over, at after Mid- summer, to the King. They pay 200 marks yearly, and have not in certain 100 marks to pay it with. Great mischief would ensue to the commonalty should an Act be passed that all money should be sterling.
Letters patent granting to Thomas Stephyns and Lawrence Townley the office of Collectors of the Customs and Poundage in the Ports of Dublin and Drogheda. [See 1524, May 2., Vol. i., No. 37.]
25. Sir Brian Tuke to Crumwell. Finds great difficulty to make up the 3,000?. to be sent into Ireland.
26. Gray and Brabazon to same. "Journey against O'Conor. Brackland Castle taken and delivered to Cahir O'Conor. Dengan Castle taken and rased. Lack of money."
IRELAND — HENRY VUI.
1537.
June 24. Mulrancan.
June 26.
Dublin.
June 26.
Dublin.
June 30.
Wexford.
July.
July.
[London.] July 31.
Sunninghill.
July 31.
July 31. July 31.
Sunninghill.
July 31. July 31. July 31.
VOL. IV.
27. Walter Brown, of Mulrancan, John Deverus and Alexander Ketyng, of County Wexford, to Crumwell. Complain that William Sayntloo, Watkin Apowell, and the 46 persons retained are not sufficient for the protection of Wexford. Propose that 5,000 or 6,000 persons, part soldiers and part husbandmen, should be planted between Dublin and Wexford ; or otherwise, that the King should lease the County of Wexford to them for 100 marks, they making covenant to defend the same, and to pay all the officers of the said county their fees.
28. The Council of Ireland to the King. Assault of O'Conor's new castle called the Dengan, built in a morass, and surrounded by great ditches and waters.
29. The Council to Crumwell. " Capture of Dengan Castle. Praise Gray. Offaley committed to Cahir O'Conor. They recom- mend that Cahir should be elsewhere provided for, and Offaley settled ; or, that he should have a grant of it, and be made a Baron. Athlone Castle obtained. Want of ordnance."
30. Sovereign and Commons of Wexford to same. Thanks for the continuance of their liberties. Their town lies open on one side to the King's enemies, whereby they sustain great damage. Their ill market, as few strangers with their ships resort to their town for the ill entering into their haven. They have 500 men able to do the King service. Pray for remission of a chief rent of 18 marks, 3 shillings, and 5 pence sterling, for the reparation and defence of the town.
31. Articles, in Alen's handwriting, submitted for consideration to form part of the instructions to the High Commissioners going to Ireland.
32. R. Cowley to Crumwell. " Detail of the state of Ireland pre- pared with a view to the instruction of the High Commissioners."
33. Minute of Commission from the King to Sir Anthony Sent- leger, George Poulet, Thomas Moyle, and William Berners, High Commissioners for the regulation of the government of Ireland.
34. Another minute of the same Commission.
35. Two copies of the preceding Commission.
36. The King to Sentleger, Poulet, Moyle, and Berners. " Instruc- tions for their guidance as High Commissioners in Ireland."
37. Duplicate minute, with considerable additions.
38. Copy of the above.
39- Receipt given by three of the Commissioners to Lord Crum- well for various acts, books, and documents, to be taken by them to Ireland.
28
IRELAND — HENEY VIII.
1537.
July 31.
July 31. July 31.
VOL. IV.
40. The King to the Lord Deputy and Council. Informing them of the appointment and powers of the High Commissioners. \Copy.~\
41. Copy of the above.
42. The King to the Lord Deputy and Council and others. Has appointed the High Commissioners, together with Gerald Aylmer and others, to be Commissioners for letting march lands.
July 31. 43. Draft of the above. July 31.
Sunninghill.
July 31. July 31.
July 31. July 31.
July 31.
Sunninghill.
July 31. July 31.
July 31.
[July 31.]
Sunninghill.
July 31.
July 31.
Sunninghill.
44. The King to Gray. " Commands him to assist the Com- missioners. Thanks him for his good service against O'Conor."
45. The same to the Vice Treasurer [Brabazon]. To afford every facility to the High Commissioners in the execution of their mission.
46. Message from the King to the Parliament of Ireland. Directing them to pass such acts as the High Commissioners (who had autho- rity to enter into both Houses) should propose, and to frame them- selves to an honest thankful conformity.
47. Copy of the above.
48. Draft, in Secretary "Wriothesley's handwriting, of an Act to be passed by the Parliament of Ireland, for granting the King's pardon to all persons concerned in the late rebellion, on producing certificates form Sir Anthony Sentleger and the other Commissioners.
49. Minute of the Commission for the Pardon : — All engaged in the Geraldine rebellion who shall submit shall receive a full pardon on payment of a fine.
50. Draft of the above minute.
51. Proclamation that such as have been engaged in the Geraldine rebellion shall, upon submission, receive pardon on payment of a fine.
52-54. Drafts of three forms of the general and particular pardons to be granted by the Lord Deputy and the Commissioners to persons concerned in the late rebellion.
55. The King to Browne Archbishop of Dublin. " Keproves him for lightness of behaviour and pride. Threatens to remove him."
Censures him for
56. The same to Ed. Staples Bishop of Meath. neglect of his ecclesiastical duties.
57. Crumwell to the Sheriff of Wexford. The King has directed that an Act of Parliament shall be passed for the continuance of the
liberties of the County of Wexford.
IRELAND— HENRY VIII.
29
1537. August 1. Sunninghill.
VOL. V. 1537, AUGUST — DECEMBER.
1. Crumwell to the High Commissioners. Requests that they will grant a lease of Holm Patrick to old Cowley.
August 6. Same to the same. " Refers to them a letter from James Fitz Windsor. John of Desmond. [See 1537, Augustl, No. 1.] Incloses,
I. James Fitz- John, Earl of Desmond, to the King. The faith- fulness of his family. Offers with 300 men to reduce all Munster to obedience. July 8. Kilmallock. [See 1537, Aug. 1, No. 1.]
August 6. 2. Crumwell to the High Commissioners. Signifying the King's Windsor, pleasure that the Priory of the Holy Rood at Limerick should not for the present be suppressed ; and recommending Patrick Hawlde [Harolde ?] Clerk, the Prior, to their special favour.
August 7. Same to the same. To appoint Francis Harbart to command one Windsor. Of the garrisons which shall be first vacant, and to let to him some of the King's land. [See 1537, Aug. 1, No. 1.]
August 8. Same to the same. To make a report of the value of any lands Dunstable. which Mr. Francis Harbart may desire to have granted to him by [See 1537, Aug. 1, No. 1.]
the King.
August 9. Same to the same. " The Desmond controversy. James Delahide, AinptMll. Walsh, and Gerald Fitzgerald in Desmond's country. [See 1537, Aug. 1, No. 1.]
August 9. Same to the same. For Jerome Lynne, the Constable of Carling-
Ampthill. ford, to be appointed Customer of Carlingford, in case he has not
that office by patent ; some other provision must be made for
Martin Skryne, to whom the said customership was granted by
the last Deputy. [See 1537, Aug. 1, No. 1.]
Artv^t 11. Same to the same. The King's pleasure that the bearer Edward Ampthiil. Beke should be recommended to their favour in all such suits as he shall make for any living or commodity of farm. [See 1537, Aug. 6, No. 2.]
August 16. 3. Lord Deputy Gray to Crumwell. Want of money and The Navan. artillery. Prays that if any writing shall come to the King in favour of O'Conor, concerning the obtaining again of his country, it may be stopped. O'Conor is now as low as it were a dog for the bone, and doth follow Gray in every place. [In the State Papers Henry VIII., Vol. iii., p. 143, this letter is placed in the year 1539, which is presumed to be erroneous.}
August 19. 4. Same to same. Prays that, in case the King shall promote Ardbraccan. Patrick Barnewall of Fieldston, his Serjeant-at-Law, to a higher room, Robt. Barnewall, of Roostown, brother to the Lord Chan- cellor, may obtain the said room of Serjeantship.
30
IRELAND — HENRY VIII.
VOL. V. 1537.
August 25. Crumwell to the High Commissioners. For grant to Richard Windsor. Aylmer of the Chief Serjeantship of the County of Kildare for life, with a fee. [See 1537, Aug. I, No. 1.]
August 28. Same to the same. Directing them to abstain from making grants Windsor, of such castles and fortresses as were in the King's hands until the arrival of Lord Butler, who will declare to them the King's intentions. [See 1537, Aug. 1, No. 1.]
[August.]
[London ?]
Sept. 1.
Bective.
Sept. 2.
Holyhead.
Sept. 2.
Holyhead.
Sept. 15.
Dublin.
Sept. 19.
Dublin.
Sept. 19.
Dublin.
5. Alexander Ketyng to Crumwell. Complains that the Act ordered to be drawn for the County of Wexford expresses no more but that the inhabitants shall enjoy all such liberties as they did in the time of the Earl of Shrewsbury. All matters to be tried by the officers of the county except arson, forestalling of the market, ravishing of women, and finding treasure under earth. Thomas Agard to be Treasurer. 40£. promised to Crumwell. Prays for the land of Nicholas Ketyng, worth 22 marks.
6. Gray to same. " Hosting against O'Neill. He makes terms. Manus O'Donnell professes friendship. Want of artillery and money." Incloses,
6. i. Manus O'Donnell to Gray. The death of his father. His intention to be a faithful subject. 1537, Aug. 20, Donegal. [Sir Hugh O'Donnell died in the beginning of July, 1537, and his son Manus O'Donnell, the writer of this letter, was elected by the people of Tirconnell to succeed. He was inaugurated as Chief of the O'Donnells by the stone near the church of Kilmacrenan, with the usual ceremonies. Ware's History of Ireland, Hen. VII L, p. 98.]
7. Sir Anthony Sentleger, George Poulet, Thomas Moyle, and Wm. Berners, the High Commissioners, to Crumwell. Have received from him several letters touching Sir James of Desmond, with copy of his letter to the King. Will do as much as shall lie in their wits and power.
8. Sir Anthony Sentleger to Mr. Thomas Wriothesley. tarried upon this coast this three weeks and more.
Has
9. The High Commissioners to James Fitz John of Desmond. To come to Dublin, and submit to them his claims to the Earldom of Desmond, in dispute between him and James Fitzmaurice.
10. Lord Deputy Gray to the King. Arrival of the High Com- missioners. Promises his cordial cooperation with them in the discharge of their duties.
11. Same to Crumwell. "Promises to aid the Commissioners. O'Conor skulks about."
12. Lord Butler to Crumwell. "Earldom of Ormond."
IRELAND— HENRY VIII.
31
1537.
Sept. 20.
Sept. 23.
Stepney.
Sept. 23.
Mortlake.
VOL. V.
13. Presentment by David Sutton to the King's High Com- missioners. Oppressions sustained by the Counties of Kildare and Carlow from the illegal exactions of the late Earl of Kildare and his subordinate officers.
Crumwell to the High Commissioners. Signifying the King's pleasure for the bearer James Sherlock, to be appointed Receiver of the County of Wexford, and some convenient farm allotted for his maintenance. [See 1537, Aug. 6, No. 2.]
Same to the same. Recommending that his servant Jerome [Hieronym] Lynne, Keeper of the castle of Carlingford, should have a lease of some farm in the vicinity at a reasonable rate. ' [See 1537, Aug. 6, No. 2.]
14. Gray to the same. " Exposition of the state of Ireland. Suggestions for its improvement."
15 J. Alen to the same. "Exposition of the state of Ireland. Suggestions for its improvement."
1 6. Same to the same.
17. Luttrell to the same.
The like." " The like/'
Sept. 26.
Dublin.
18. The High Commissioners, Sentleger, &c. to Crumwell. " Their arrival. Survey of the King's lands in Leinster."
Sept. 26. Copy of the preceding letter. [See 1537, Sept. 15, No. 9.]
19. Archbishop Geo. Browne to the King. " Answer to his letter of July 31."
20. Same to Crumwell, To the same effect.
Sept. 27
Dublin.
Sept. 27. Sept. 27.
Dublin.
21. Thomas Agard to Crumwell. Mr. Sentleger and the other Commissioners arrived at Dublin on the 8th. Agard also arrived with the treasure.
Sept. 28. Crumwell to the Lord Deputy, Council, and High Commis-
Stepney. sioriers. To make a lease of the Fassaghe Bentre [Bantry], and of
the New Bawn, and of the " Dyppes " to Mr. Richard Butler, brother
to the Lord Butler. The dispute between Piers Freigne and Richard
Wessley for lands in county Kildare. [See 1537, Aug. 6, No. 2.]
Sept. 29. Account of William Brabazon, Esq., Under Treasurer and Receiver General, for three years and a half and five weeks ending 1537, Sept, 29. Lat. [Ireland, Folios, Vol. I, No. 2.]
Sept. 29. Declaration of the above account. No. 3.]
Lat. [Ireland, Folios, Vol. i.,
Sept. 30.
Dublin.
22. Patrick Barnewall, of Fieldston, to Crumwell. Proceedings of the Commissioners in reducing the army and surveying the Crown lands. Suggests that the claims of James of Desmond should be attended to; and recommends that his uncle Robert Barnewall should be appointed Lord Chief Baron.
32
IE EL AND — HENRY VIII.
1537* [Sept.]
Sept.
VOL. V.
23. Articles delivered by the High Commissioners to Win. Walsh, Mayor of Youghal, and Patrick Gold, relative to the terms of sub- mission, &c., required from Lord James Fitz John of Desmond. Item, touching young Gerald Fitzgerald, second son to the late Earl of Kildare.
24. An abstract of the misorders and evil rule within the land of Ireland. All the English March borderers use Irish apparel and the Irish tongue, as well in peace as in war, and for the most part use the same in the English Pale, unless they come to Parliament or Council.
October 4. Crumwell to the Lord Deputy. To allow to Lord Butler, on
Mortlake. passing his accounts, a reasonable sum for his expenses in guarding
certain castles during the late rebellion. [See 1537, Oct. 6, No. 27.]
October 5. 25. Presentment of the. Jury of the Corporation of Kilkenny to the High Commissioners. Grievances and exactions which the town sustains from the Earl of Ossory and his servants.
October 5. 26. Presentment of the Jury of the Commonalty of Kilkenny to the same. My Lord of Ossory, my Lady his wife, and children do charge all the country with coin and livery as often as they please.
October 6.
Mortlake.
27. Crumwell to the same. To show especial favour to the Mayor and citizens of Waterford for their loyal services.
October 8. 28. Presentment of the Jury of the Gentlemen of the County of Kilkenny. Kilkenny to the same. Oppressions and exactions of the Earl of Ossory and his children.
October 8. 29. Presentment of the Jury of the Commoners of the County of Kilkenny to the same. The peculiar grievances they sustain from the Earl of Ossory and others.
October. 30. Presentment of the Jury of the Town of Irishtown to the same. The exactions of the Earl of Ossory and his dependants. M'Murrough doth take black rent of the town of Garon. The kernty of M'Murrough have stolen two horses belonging to John Nashe out of the pasture of Reemore "besides" Garon. The vicar of the town of Garon " wyll not crysten ne baptyse a child e orieles the frinds of the same childe gyve him his dynnar or money."
October 12. 31. Presentment of the Jury of the City of Waterford to the same. Stating the grievances they sustain from Lady Kathe- rine Butler, last wife unto Sir Richard Power, and Thomas Power of Bally canvan, Tanist of his nation, the Archbishop of Cashel, the Bishop of Waterford, and others ; and verdicts found thereon.
October 12. 32. Presentment of the Jury of the Commoners of the County of Waterford to the same. State the grievances they sustain from the Power Family, and Lady Katherine Butler, last wife unto Sir Richard Power.
IRELAND— HENRY VIII.
33
1537. October 12.
October.
October.
October.
October.
VOL. V.
33. Presentment of the Jury of the Manor and Castle of Dun- gar van to the High Commissioners. Complaining of the exactions of the Vicar of Dungarvan, and the oppressions of Gerald Fitz John.
34. Presentment of the Jury of the Corporation of the Town of "Wexford to the same. Stating their grievances.
35. Presentment of the Jury of the County of Wexford to the same. Complain that the Irish rebels who were pursued by Philip Ketyng and others, were rescued by the people of Ross, and divers of the company of the said Ketyng were wounded.
36. Presentment of the Jury of the Commons of the County of Wexford to the same. Complain that the Lord of Ossory entered into the castle of Turbard's Island, and withholds the same from John Deverus, the King's Constable.
37. Presentment of the Jury of the Inhabitants of the Town of Ross to the same. Stating their grievances.
38. Presentment of the Jury of the Heads and Commoners of the Town of Cloumel to the same. Stating the grievances they sustain from the exactions and oppressions of the Earl of Ossory and the Butlers ; with copies of bills found by the jury.
39. Presentment of the Jury of the Gentlemen and Commoners of the County of Tipperary to the same. State the grievances they sustain from Thomas Butler and others of his family ; with copies of bills found by them.
40. Presentment of James Braye and Richard Wedloke, Merchants of Clonmel, to the same. Against John Duff, servant to Edmund Butler deceased, and now to Sir Thomas Butler.
October 23. Letters patent, granting to Piers Butler, Earl of Ormond and Ossory, and his eldest son James Butler, Lord Butler and Treasurer of Ireland, various lands. [See 1534, June 27, Vol. ii. No. 15.]
October 23. List of lands, and the annual value, granted to Lord Butler, by the preceding patent, in the Counties of Kilkenny, Tipperary, Ca- therlagh, Wexford, Waterford, Kildare. Meath, Dublin, and the City of Dublin. [See 1534, June 27, Vol. ii. No. 15.]
beside Westminster.
October 27. Crumwell to the Commissioners. The King has appointed The Neate* James Lord Butler to be Constable of the castles of Catherlagh and Kilkea. Directs them to assign annual convenient fees to him for the same. To show their good favours to the Earl of Ossory, and to the said Lord Butler for Crum well's sake. [See 1537, October 6, Vol. v. No. 27.]
Nov. 8. 41. Sentleger, &c. with M'Gilpatrick. " Submission."'
* The Neate houses, where the cattle were put up, stood on the ground formerly called Tothill fields, lying south, between the old Tothill street and the river Thames.
34
IRELAND— HENRY VIII.
1537.
Nov. fl).
Galway.
Nov. 15.
Dublin.
Nov. 15.
VOL. V.
42. Richard Culoke to Brabazon. "The See of Clonfert in con- troversy between the nominees of the King and the Pope/'
43. High Commissioners to Crumwell. " The King's land in Car- low, Kilkenny, Tipperary, Waterford, Dublin, and Kildare, much depopulated and wasted. O'Conor invades Offaley. Articles with James Fitz John of Desmond." Inclose,
43. i. Articles of submission of James Fitz John of Desmond, claimant of the Earldom of Desmond. October 18.
43. u. Another copy of these articles. October 18.
Copy of the above letter. [See below 1537, December 25, No. 51.]
[Nov. 15.] 44. List of castles and garrisons, as Old Ross, Ferns, "Wicklow, Holywood, Castle Jordan, Lough Sewdy, Knockfergus, Ardglass, Dundrum, the Green Castle, and Dtmgarvan.
Nov. 25.
Nov. 30.
Dublin.
Nov.
Youghal.
Dec. 10.
Oatlands.
Dec. 1 0.
Howth.
Dec. 13.
Oatlands.
Dec. 18. Dec. 25.
45. Examination of Thomas Albeney, or Albanagh, 50 years oi age. His interview with O'Carroll whom the Lord Deputy had summoned to attend him against the traitor O'Conor, which summons he declined to obey, through the instigation of the Earl of Ossory.
46. John Bolter of London, Goldsmith, to Crumwell. Can have no furtherance in his causes before the Lord Chancellor, but is driven from term to term by the importunity of Patrick Barne- wall, the King's Serjeant. His consanguinity with the Judges. Sir John Spelman drew out a book according to the truth and the whole truth of all the circumstances, and set his hand to it. Justice Luttrell is corrupt.
47. Nicholas Comyn, Bishop of Waterford, and Wm. Walsh to same. About certain lands and tenements at Youghal, in dis- pute between David Shyoghan, Crumwell's servant, and Alex- ander Gough, priest, which upon trial they had awarded to Gough.
Crumwell to the High Commissioners Sentleger, &c. " Answer to their dispatch of November 15." [See 1537, Oct. 6, No. 27.]
48. C. Lord of Howth to Crumwell. Sends a cast of falcons. Prays for letters in favour of his suits to the Lord Chancellor and the Master of the Rolls.
49. Crumwell to Gray. " O'Conor."
50. Deputy and Council and Terence O'Toole. " Submission for three years."
51. Letter from the High Commissioners to Lord James Fitz John of Desmond. To lose no time in forwarding the proofs of his claim to the Earldom of Desmond ; and to let them know how he intends to employ the 300 men he has requested to reduce Munster to obedience.
IRELAND— HENRY VIII.
35
1537. Dec. 28.
Dec. 30.
Dublin.
Dec. 31.
Maynooth.
Dec. 31.
Maynooth.
Dec. 31.
Dublin.
VOL. V.
52. Draft of the form of an indenture, granting lease for 21 years of lands in the County of Meath, with condition to use the English laws and language, and to have no connection with the rebel Irish.
53. Brabazon to Crumwell. " Commissioner's survey. O'Conor's success in Offaley, and concord with Cahir O'Conor. Grant to Brabazon. Parliament. Desmond. Gerald Fitzgerald/' Incloses,
53. I. Schedule of the Acts passed in the first, second, and third Sessions of the Parliament in Ireland, 28 and 29 Hen. VIII.
54. Gray to the King. Account of his proceedings against Brian O'Conor. O'Conor made an offer to submit, but he was dissuaded to come to the Lord Deputy by his brother Cahir.
55. Gray to Crumwell. " Hostings against O'Conor. Submission of O'Molmoy. Cahir O'Conor has joined his brother. Gray asks leave of absence. Wants artillery."
56. Thomas Agard to same. " The Commissioners have visited Meath, Louth, and Dublin. O'Conor."
57. Proclamation for settling the currency in Ireland, by assimi- lating it to the same value as the coin in England.
58. Account of the lands of the late Earl of Kildare, forfeited to the King for high treason ; 894/. lls. 7f d. per annum.
59. Pay of the garrison of the King's castle of Dublin.
60. Notes, in the handwriting of Mr. Secretary Wriothesley, re- lative to the revenue and military expenditure of Ireland.
61. Act for the First Fruits of Abbeys, Priories, and Colleges, 28 Hen. VIII. cap. 26.
62. Bill of an Act to be passed by the Parliament of Ireland, entitled " An Act for the release of such as have obtained pretended licences and dispensations from the see of Rome." [Prob. 1537. See the "Act of Faculties," which is somewhat similar in its effect, 28 Hen. VIII. cap. 19.]
1538. Jan. 2.
Dublin.
VOL. VI. 1538, JANUARY— MAY.
1. High Commissioners Sentleger, &c. to Crumwell. " Have finished their survey. Parliament dissolved. O'Conor. Desmond. Courts for Kilkenny, Tipperary, and Waterford. The Vice Trea- surer's accounts." Inclose,
1. i. Schedule of the Acts passed in the first, second, and third Sessions of the Parliament.
1. ii. Statute o/16 Edw. IV. specifying the qualifications requi- site for members of the Commons, and enacting that all Lords of Parliament shall sit in their robes.
0 2
36
IRELAND— HENRY VIII.
1538. Jan. 2.
Jan. 14,
Dublin.
Jan. 17.
Greenwich.
[Jan.]
Jan. 19.
Maynooth.
Jan. 23.
Dublin.
Jan. 24.
Dublin.
Jan. 29.
Dublin.
Feb. 4.
Dublin.
Feb. 10.
Dublin,
Feb. 1].
Dublin.
Feb. 13.
Dublin.
Feb. 16.
Dublin.
[Feb.] [Feb.]
VOL. VI.
2. Another copy of the preceding letter and inclosure.
3. " O'More's submission."
The King to Sentleger, &c. " Thanks them for their services. Gives them a discretion as to their return. Aylmer and J. Alen to accompany them." [See 1537, Oct. 6, Vol. v. No. 27.]
4. The same to the Spiritual Lords, of one-twentieth/'
" Thanks them for the grant The Priory of Christchurch to be con-
5. Gray to Crumwell. verted into a Deanery."
6. Mayor and Aldermen of Dublin to same. " On the same subject."
7. Francis Harbart to Duke of Norfolk. A truce for 15 days with O'Conor and his brother Cahir O'Conor. The last hosting that my Lord Deputy made punished O'Conor sorely. If my Lord of Ormond and my Lord Butler would join their best endeavours with the Lord Deputy, they might soon banish the O'Conors out of their country. Wishes that Englishmen were planted in O'Conor's country, which is the only way to bring the wars with the Irish to an end, which wars do but spend the King's treasure. Harbart 's service has saved to the King 10,OOOZ. His farm of Portlester. Recommends the bearer Barnardyng, Gunner, [prob. Bernerdine de Valoys].
8. William Brabazon to Crumwell. Recommends the painful, dili- gent, and daily service of John Peppes, under Wm. Berners in the accounts.
9. Richard Whytte to same. Asserts his loyalty. Begs that he may come before him to prefer charges against Stephen Ap Harry [A Pary], by whose means he is in the castle of Dublin in irons.
10. Sentleger to Wriothesley. " Death of Lord Delvin."
11. High Commissioners to same. "Vice Treasurer's account. James Fitz John of Desmond. Their return."
, 12. Sentleger to same. "Rumour of Desmond's death."
13. William Brabazon to Crumwell. In favour of the bearer Hugh Aimer, who has served in the army, and is one of the retinue of the Lord Deputy.
14. Remembrances for Mr. Wriothesley, for the matters of Ire- land, for the despatch of the High Commissioners.
15. Book addressed to the High Commissioners: — The writer is no man of war, but has been in many journies upon the King's enemies for these eight years past. More abuses in the now Lord Deputy than in most of the residue of the King's officers. The Com-
IRELAND— HENRY VIII.
37
1538.
March 3.
March 4. Clonmel.
March 4. March 8.
Dublin.
March 9.
Dublin.
March 9.
Dublin.
March 9.
March 9.
March 11. Dublin.
March 12.
Fethard.
VOL. VI.
missioners to examine the causes of the grudge between the Lord Deputy and the Earl of Ossory and his son before their departure. Order to be taken for the sure keeping of the King's records, for as they be handled now it is pity to see them. They should be delivered by indenture to a keeper. Any person who would make search, to pay both for the search and for the copy of the record. Likewise order for the building of the Castle Hall, where the law is kept, for if the same be not builded, the majesty and estimation of the law shall perish, the Justices being enforced to minister the laws upon hills, as it were Brehons or wild Irishmen. O'Reilly's fine of the thousand kine would build it, and amend the gaol of Trim.
16. Piers Earl of Ossory to the High Commissioners. Detailing his exertions in reducing various chieftains to obedience.
17. James Lord Butler Viscount Thurles to the same. "O'Conor. The Kavanaghs."
Copy of the above. [See March 3, No. 16.]
18. High Commissioners Sentleger, &c. to Crumwell. "O'Conor has submitted. James of Desmond has delivered his son."
19. J. Alen to same. " Poulet's slander of Crumwell."
20. Mr. Robert Cowley to same. Relative to slanderous words spoken of his Lordship by Mr. Poulet. Exertions of the Lord Deputy and Lord Butler to reduce O'Conor.
21. Interrogatories relative to scandalous words spoken by Mr. George Poulet or any others, respecting the Lord Privy Seal Crum- well, and particularly that the King used frequently to call him Knave, and beat him about the head in the Council Chamber,
22. 23, 24. Answers of John Alen, Master of the Rolls, the Lord Chief Justice Aylmer, and Mr. William Berners, to the preceding interrogatories, [Three papers.]
25. Gray to Crumwell. " Submission of O'Conor." Incloses,
25. I. Manner and form of the Parliament between the Lord Deputy and O'Conor, held in the open fields in Offaly, wherein the latter promises to come to Dublin, and submit himself to the King's mercy. March 2, Offaly.
25. II. Submission of Brian O'Conor, Lord of Offaly, before the Lord Deputy, the High Commissioners, and the Council of Ireland. March 6, Dublin.
26. Copy of the above submission, and translation of the same.
27. Ormond to Sentleger. " Advises how the Lord Deputy should proceed."
38
IRELAND— HENRY VIII.
r VOL. vi.
l ^^S March' 16. 28. Edward Staples Bishop of Meath to Crumwell. Expresses
Dublin. his willingness to serve the King, as well in the Parliament as in other places. Sends a small present. Desires him to send the obli- gation for 201., which he [the Bishop] had borrowed, and he would pay the money to Mr. Treasurer.
March 17. 29. Lord Deputy Gray to the King. Attack on a strong castle Dublin. belonging to Cahir O'Conor. Narrow escape of Cahir in the assault. He surrendered next day, and made submission. Entreats the King to be good to his poor nephew [Dudley] the bearer.
March 17- 30. Same to Crutnwell. " Cahir O'Conor has surrendered and Dublin. submitted. Asks leave to return to England." Incloses,
30. i. Submission of Cahir O'Conor before the Lord Deputy, the High Commissioners, and the Privy Council of Ireland. March 6, Dublin.
March 20.
March 27.
Waterford.
March 28. Dublin.
March 31. Dublin.
April 1. Dublin.
April 4.
Dublin.
April 5.
Dublin.
April 5. Dublin.
31. Francis Harbart to Crumwell. This poor land was not these 20 years in better unity and peace. The Lord Deputy has made peace with O'Conor and his brethren. The Commissioners are making ready to return, and with them Justice Aylmer and the Master of the Rolls. The Commissioners have used themselves " lyke as vys men as ewer I sawe here." Has taken in farm the manor of Portlester, which was the Earl of Kildare's.
32. Earl of Ormond and Ossory to the King. Has consulted with the High Commissioners, and drawn up a series of orders and consti- tutions to extirp the enormities and abuses accustomed in the Counties of Kilkenny, Waterford, and Tipperary, and to plant good civility.
33. James White to Crumwell. " Waterford, Kilkenny, and Tipperary in a good state. A friar preaches againt the dissolution. Gray has alienated the affections of faithful subjects."
34. Lord Butler to the King. " Applauds the preaching of the Word of God. Praises the Archbishop of Dublin."
35. "The Form of the Beads."
36. Copy of the above form.
37. Gray to Crumwell. " The High Commissioners are on the point of departure. Have done well. O'Conor wishes to take Offaley of the King."
38. Thomas Agard to same. "Enumerates Brabazon's merits. Aylmer, J. Alen, R. Cowley, and Cusake accompany the Commis- sioners. The characters of the latter."
39. Same to same. " Those in authority all adhere to the Pope, except Archbishop Browne, Lord Butler, J. Alen, and Brabazon."
40. Patrick Barnewall, of Fieldston, to same. "Praises the Commissioners and Brabazon. Acts of Parliament. Inn of Chancery. Leases. Attorney General, and Prime Serjeant."
IRELAND— HENRY VIII.
1538.
April 5.
Dublin.
April 14. Dublin.
April 15. Drogheda.
April 15. Drogheda.
April 15.
Dublin.
April 20.
Dublin.
April 24.
Dublin.
April 26. Dublin.
April 26. "Waterford.
VOL. VI.
41. Patrick Barnewall, of Fieldston, to Wriothesley. Thanks for his goodness to him. The High Commissioners may declare the state of Ireland ; they are substantial and politic men. They have taken great pains with the Treasurer's account and the making of the extent. He was inforced to pay 200?. for one of the King's wards. Some go about to avoid a certain lease, that he has, of the late house of Cartmel in Lancashire for 35 years. The Treasurer has proved himself a true man to his Master. Sends a blue Galway " mantyll " as a present.
42. Edward Basnet, Dean of St. Patrick's, to Crumwell. Thanks for his favour in promoting him to the Deanery. Complains that the Archbishop of Dublin would not confirm his election without a payment of 200Z.
43. Gray to the King. " Has cut passes towards Offaley. Has made a journey into Ferney, and taken booty. Wishes to go to England."
44. Same to Crumwell. On the same subject.
45. Geo. Browne, Archbishop of Dublin, to J. Alen, Master of the Rolls. " Complains of the Bishop of Meath's sermons. Insinuates Gray's connivance."
46. John Alen to Wriothesley. Thanks him for the letters of Crumwell, dated Feb 24. Crumwell has been very evil informed of him without good cause. Sends " nine marterne skynnes " by Mr. Dudley. Commendations to Mr. Godsalve. [Mr. Dudley was Gray's nephew, and the bearer of Gray's letters of March 17.]
47. Vice Treasurer Brabazon to Crumwell. Thanks him for obtaining the farm of Duleek. Crumwell to detain out of the next treasure GQl. sterling for his good will in the preferment of Sir Edward Basnet to the room of Dean of St. Patrick's. Has set good spials about William Dormor, who has neither money nor jewels. Has always practised the utmost frugality in the management of the revenues. At his coming, he " had neither scrip ne scrowe ner no pece of a rentall." His suit with Mr. Hastings about a title of land. Prays Crumwell to be good to the Chief Justice, who is a right honest and substantial man.
48. Matthew King to same. " Gray invades Ferney. O'Conor obedient. Cahir O'Conor afraid of his brother."
49. William Wyse of Waterford to same. Sends by his son, Henry Wyse, a letter, containing intelligence of a seditious tendency, that he had taken from the parish clerk of St. John's, who had it from a monk of Bath, called Brystow. Incloses,
49. i. Alexander Brystow to Edmund Walshe,at Waterford. Has received his letter with a saffron purse. Sends him half a pound of leek-seed for which he paid eightpence. Jieproves him for babbling about a letter of news he had written to him, and desires it may be returned. Feb. 28.
40
IEELAND— HENRY VIII.
1538.
April 27. Dublin.
April 30. April.
April.
May- 9.
Dublin.
May 13.
May 19.
Dublin.
May 20. Dublin.
May 21.
Dublin.
VOL. VI.
50. Matthew Kyng to "Wriothesley. Arrived April 24. The Lord Deputy at Drogheda, in a readiness to go in hosting into the country of Fernej^. O'Conor is now likely to do well. He has been all this Easter with the LordDeputy at Maynooth. Cahir O'Conor is now in Dublin. Desires the office of Carlingford jointly with Martin Pellys. Has done nothing with Sir John Rawson, Prior of Kilmainham. Has bespoken the blankets for Wriothesley, but it will be midsummer before he can have them done.
51. W. Brabazon to Crumwell. "James of Desmond has besieged Carrickogonel. Sermons of the Archbishop and Bishop of Meath. Asks payment of the balance of his account/'
52. Narrative of the treachery of Finnin O'Driscol, Conochor his son, and Gilly Duff his base son, in seizing on a ship of Waterford, which they had succoured in distress off Innishircan ; with the re- venge of the Waterfordians.
53. Book by Robert Cowley : — The state of the realm of Ireland. PheKm Bacagli O'Neill, Lord of Claneboy, as great a man of strength as O'Neill. M' Willie [M'Quillin] a Welshman of the English conquest. M'Davy a Welshman, and clivers gentlemen of the English race, rebellious in Connaught. M'Murrough, who calleth himself Prince of Leinster. O'Brien, beyond the Shannon, hath the hardiest band of men in Ireland. Investigation of the disaffection and disobe- dience of Ireland. The greatness and perverseness of Kildare. [Copy. This paper ^oas among the MSS. of Dr. Meredith Haunter, and is probably in the handwriting of Thady Dowling, the Irish antiquary.]
54. Wm. Dormor to Crumwell. To write another letter to the Council in his favour, for the office of Serjeant of the County of Kildare. [The Commissioners were directed to appoint Mr. Aylmer, Chief Serjeant of Kildare, 1537, Aug. 25. See also Coivley's letter, 1539,^6.18.]
55. Indictment against Peter Fitzgerald, late of the Great Grange, by Clon curry, in Kildare, Maurice Bacagh Fitzgerald, Edmund Asbold, of Maynooth, servant of Lord Leonard Gray, and James Fitzgerald, of Ballysonan, for instigating Kedagh O'More of Strad- bally, Shane M'Coyn of Kildare, and Neale O'Lalor of Disart, gent., to steal cows and horses from the Earl of Ormond and Alexander Fitz Turlough, of the Great Grange. Stephen Ap Harry of Rathangan, gent., received ten cows from the aforesaid Kedagh, for comfort and favour. Latin.
56. Gray to the King. " Has made terms with O'Neill. O'Reilly alarmed."
57. George Browne, Archbishop of Dublin, to Crumwell. "Gray has released a man the Archbishop had imprisoned. Complains of Gray, Staples, and Rawson."
58. Same to same. " Suppression of religious houses. His debt to Lord Rochford. Rumour of Crumwell's death/'
IRELAND — HENRY VIII.
41
1538. May 22. Koscarlon.
May 25.
Dublin.
[May.]
VOL. VI.
59. Wm. Sayntloo to Crumwell. Prays that certain wages for a constable and certain soldiers for the custody of the castle of Ros- carlon may be continued.
60. Thomas Fynglas to same. Informing him of a practice of the Abbots and Priors to grant long leases of the Abbey lands, in ex- pectation that their houses would be suppressed. The Lord Deputy has obtained a lease of the lands of the Abbey of St. Mary, near Dublin, besides many others, for his own benefit.
61. W. Cowley to same. " Dissension in the Council. Howth. Bath. Gerald M'Gerald. Golding. John Field. Ormond. Butler. O'Neill. O'Donnell."
62. A device to deceive the rebels and apprehend young Fitzgerald.
1538. June 4.
Dublin.
June 5.
Dublin.
[June.] June 6.
June 10.
Dublin.
June 10.
June 20. Tallagh.
[June.]
VOL, VII. 1538, JUNE — DECEMBER.
1. Gray to the King. "Parley and agreement with O'Carroll. O'Toole has entrapped and slain Kelway, the Constable of Rathmore. Asks leave of absence. Has practised with William Wyse to persuade James of Desmond to repair to Court, and to catch Gerald Fitzgerald. Wants artillery."
2. Thomas Luttrell to Aylmer. " Marriage of Lady Eleanor Fitz- gerald. Gerald Fitzgerald has gone with her into Ulster. O'Toole. O'Reilly. O'More. Ormond."
3. Ormond to R. Cowley. " Complaints against Gray."
4. William Brabazon to Crumwell. Recommends Martin Pellys to be appointed to the farm of Rathmore, vacant by the death of John Kelway, lately slain by the Tooles.
5. The Council of Ireland to same. "Peace with the M'Mahons of Ferney. Dispute with O'Reilly. O'More's dissensions. Ormond, O'Toole. O'Dormell's marriage. O'Carroll's death."
6. Edward Staples Bishop of Meath to same. The Lord Deputy and Council have committed the examination of his late sermon made at Kilmainham to the Prior of Christchurch, the Chanter of St. Patrick's, and Nicholas Stanihurst. The Archbishop of Dublin of malice and disdain has accused him.
7. George Browne, Archbishop of Dublin, to same. " Destruc- tion of images. Gray has gone to maintain O'Carroll."
8. Aylmer and Alen's articles of accusation against Lord Leon. Gray : — " Combination with Poulet and the Geraldines. Hosting against O'Conor. Taking horses, &c. of Lord Delvin and others, and giving them to their Irish enemies. Not restoring them when ordered. Frightening Cahir O'Conor into a peace with his brother. Lying in ambush for O'Conor when upon safe conduct. Imprison- ment of O'More. Not taking Gerald Fitzgerald. Receiving fines to
42
IRELAND— HENRY VIII.
VOL. VII.
1 £ OQ
excuse persons from hosting against O'Brien. Suffering Niall More O'Neill, when upon safe conduct, to be wounded. Making roads during peace into Ferney and on O'Reilly. Invading O'Byrne when under° tine. Spoiling the rhymers, and Brian M'Mahon and Cahir Modder O'Reilly. Letting Cahir M'Arte Kavanagh, and Theobald Fitz Piers, a Geraldine, escape. Assessing the country for his pro- visions. Taking coin and livery. Not punishing malefactors. Not keeping a sufficient household. Not restoring the hosting money- unapplied. Pressing horses and carriages/'
June. 9. Original duplicate of the preceding document.
June 25. 10. Ormond to the Council of Ireland. "Gerald Fitzgerald and Kilkenny. Lady Eleanor have gone through Desmond and Clanricard to
O'Donnell. Remonstrates against Gray 'staking Birr and Modreeny.
O'Carroll has married himself to O'Brien's daughter, and his sister to
James of Desmond/'
June. 11. Articles of complaint exhibited by the Earl of Ormond against
the Lord Deputy Gray.
June. 12. Articles of accusation of the Chieftain O'More against the
Lord Deputy. Has been grievously entreated.
June 27. 13. Gerald Aylmer, Justice, and John Alen to Crumwell. There Chester. has been no wind to pass into Ireland for a month. Desire Crum- well to be good to the bearers, agents for the City of Dublin, which does more service than all the other cities of Ireland. Good acquittal of the citizens against the traitor Thomas Fitzgerald.
June 27. 1 4. Aylmer and Alen to Sentleger. " Imprudence of Gray in going Chester. with a small retinue to parley with O'Brien, &c. Dissension between him and Ormond. Suppression of the abbeys."
[June 29.] 15. Stephen ap Harry to Crumwell. Expedition of the Lord Limerick. Deputy into O'Carroll's country. Submission of O'Carroll, Dermod O'Kennedy, Mac O'Brien Arra, Dermot O'Mulryan, and Tibbot O'Burke. James of Desmond commanded to cast down the strong castles built on O'Brien's Bridge. Donough O'Brien has promised to put in his pledge. Edmund Sexten has parleyed with the great O'Brien.
June 29. 16. Copy of the above.
June. 17. Charges against the Lord Deputy Gray Rumour that the
Lord Leonard Gray, now Deputy, and John Alen, Master of the Rolls, are sworn brethren.
July 14 18. Stephen Ap Harry to Crumwell. His servant Thomas Stephens.
Gal-way. Operations of the army against Murrough O'Brien. Capture of
several castles. James of Desmond. Submission of O'Flaherty,
Hugh O'Madden, Managhlyn [Mac Loughlin] O'Madden, and Thomas
M'Yoris.
July 16 19. Ormond to R. and W. Cowley. "A present of hawks for Caiian. Crumwell. Meeting between Gray and James of Desmond. Gray
IRELAND— HENRY VIII.
43
1538.
July 18. Dublin.
July 20. Callan.
July 24.
Dublin.
July 25. Bective.
July 26. Maynooth.
July 26.
Maynooth.
July 26.
London.
July 27.
Dublin.
VOL. VII.
is gone with O'Brien and Desmond to invade Murrough O'Brien, and is going with Clanricard against M' William. Sir John Seyntloe. Assault on Cahir McCarthy's men. Fear of the Kavanaghs' design to lay siege to the castle of Femes. O'More. Modreeny taken."
Thanks him for putting forth
20. John Prowd to Wriothesley. his bill for the office of Carlingford.
21. Ormond to R. Cowley. " Reconciliation between O'Donnell and O'Conor of Connaught, in support of Gerald Fitzgerald. Messengers sent from Gerald for aid from Scotland. Gray's movements will encourage them. Birr and Modreeny delivered to O'Carroll. Mis- understanding between Gray and Desmond compromised. Gray's breach of promise to Donough O'Brien. Gray occupied for his own lucre, without advice of the Council. Delivered Clare Castle to Ulick Burke for money. Strengthens James of Desmond."
22. Brabazon, Aylmer, and J. Alen to CrumwelL "Gray in Galway. His intention unknown to the Council. A hosting pre- pared against O'Toole. Gray promised to return, but failed to come. Gray under the guidance of O'Carroll, O'Conor, and the Geraldines. Breach widened between Gray and Ormond, but they hope to heal it. Confederation between O'Neill and O'Donnell in favour of Gerald Fitzgerald. Aid from Scotland."
23. Thomas Agard to same. The Lord Deputy has gone on an expedition, and taken all the King's ordnance out of Dublin Castle, and only 100 Englishmen or few more with him. Ferdinando O'Carroll made chief of O'Carroll's country. He favours the Geral- dines on every occasion, and has connived at the escape of young Fitzgerald. Mr. Agard laments the dissensions between the Lord Deputy and the Butlers, who are the most faithful subjects the King has in Ireland. Desires the seneschalship of Wexford, which W. Sayntloo has.
24. Gray to the King. " Gives a minute description of his expedition to Offaley, Ely O'Carroll, Ormond, Arra, Owney, Limerick, Thomond, Clanricard, Galway, &c. Many chiefs submit."
25. Gray to Crumwell. On the same subject as the above.
26. Sir Richard Gresham to same. The merchants of Dublin refuse to allow the merchants of London to trade into Dublin. Beseeches him to call the Recorder of Dublin, and others now attending in London, and to take order with them for the citizens of London to enjoy liberties in Dublin. Incloses,
26. i. Willian Lye and Thomas Crocker to the Lord Mayor and Aldermen of London. Complain that the Mayor and citizens of Dublin will not suffer them to buy nor sell with any man within their liberties. June 17, Dublin.
27. G. Browne Archbishop of Dublin to Crumwell. Requesting that he would direct the Bishop of Meath to produce a certain letter which contained calumnious and unfounded assertions against him.
44 IRELAND— HENRY VIII.
1538. - VIL
August 5. 28. R. Cowley to Crumwell. " Suggests points on which a mes- London. senger from Ireland should be examined as to Gray's conduct. Death of Lord Chancellor Trymleteston. J. Alen recommended as his successor."
August 10. 29. Thomas Alen to Wriothesley. The Master of the Kolls is now
Dublin. with the Lord Deputy at Maynooth. The Lord Treasurer is detained
by reason of war made upon him by James, pretended Earl of
Desmond and O'Carroll. Mr. Treasurer, the Justice, and the Master
of the Rolls have brought the country into good quietness.
August 10. 30. Same to Sentleger. Wishes he might once again see him Dublin. in Ireland. Trusts that at the coming of the Lord Treasurer, both the Lord Deputy, the Earl of Ormond, and he shall be agreed, and all displeasures set apart. Death of the Lord Chancellor Trymleteston [John Barnewall]. The Seal committed to the custody of the Master of the Rolls [Alen]. The Chancellor's fee is too small. Marvels that Mr. Cusake procured Mr. Poulet [at Chester] to write to the Lord Deputy that the said Cusake would do no hurt against him the Deputy.
August 10. 31. Same to R. Cowley. "Ormond at war with Desmond
Dublin. an(i O'Carroll. Death of Trymleteston. If John Alen succeeds,
R. Cowley will be Master of the Rolls. Commends Brabazon, Aylmer,
and J. Alen. Prospect of reconciliation between Gray and Ormond."
August 15. 32. Walter Cowley to Mr. Wriothesley. For letters to be directed London. to the Master of the Rolls, Mr. Treasurer, and the Chief Justice, to examine indifferently the truth in a cause wherein a friend of Cowley's is defendant, and the plaintiff is much maintained by the greatest possessioners in Wexford. Prays for a hasty despatch for his father, Mr. Cusake, and himself.
August 15. 33. William Sayntloo to Crumwell. Complains of being vexed in. Eoscarlon. the office of seneschal of Wexford by the Lord Chancellor. His soldiers to be paid their wages, being in arrear since the preceding Michaelmas.
August 21. 34. [Deputy and] Council to the King. " Suspect the amitv of Dublin. O'Neill and O'Donnell. Pledges received of other chiefs. Want artillery. Vacancy of Great Seal/''
August 22. 35. Brabazon, Aylmer, and Alen to the same. The Geraldine Dublin. band exalted. The late Earl of Kildare's son, called young Gerald, is with O'Neill. O'Donnell seeks the favour of the King of Scots.
August 22. 36. Brabazon, Aylmer, and Alen to Crumwell. " Settlement of Dublin. Gray's differences with Ormond and Butler. Their opinion of Gray's recent expedition. The state of Ireland. Rathmore Castle. O'Conor. O'More. M'Gilpatrick. Cahir O'Conor." Inclose,
36. i. Order of the Council of Ireland, for reconciling the Lord Deputy with the Earl of Ormond, Lord Butler, and others. August 20, Lublin.
IRELAND— HENRY VIII. 45
1538. VOL'VIL
36. IT. Book of the articles of accusation made, by Gray against the Earl of Ormond and his sons. August 22.
36. in. Articles of accusation by Ormond against Gray. Op- pressive and tyrannical conduct of the Lord Deputy. August 22.
August 23. 37. John Alen to Wriothesley. " Sends him a present. Has no Dublin. wish for the Great Seal, but, if appointed, will execute the office as well as he can."
August 24. 38. " O'More's further submission." Carlow.
August 24. 39. Brabazon, &c., to Crumwell. " The differences between Gray Dublin. and Ormond. Artillery." Inclose,
39. i. Boole of the detections and " accusaments" against the Earl of Ormond and his son James Lord Butler. Aug. 23. [This con- tains the confession of Gahir 0' Conor, the examination of Thomas Albenagh, of Nov. 25, 1537, and the articles printed in State Papers, Vol. iii. p. 90, note.]
39. ii. Confession of the Viscount Gormanstown, JohnDarcy, and William Bermingham, concerning the effects of the Lord Deputy's proceedings in his journey into Nunster, Thomond, and Con- naught.
39. in. Ordnance, artillery, and habiliments of war in Dublin Castle, delivered by indenture by Bernardine de Valoys to Thomas Cantrell. Aug. 3.
39. IV. Proportion of munition needful.
August 26. 40. Ormond to Crumwell. " Professes his obedience to the King."